Butterfield D Allan, Boyd-Kimball Debra, Castegna Alessandra
Department of Chemistry, Center of Membrane Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA.
J Neurochem. 2003 Sep;86(6):1313-27. doi: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.01948.x.
Proteomics involves the identification of unknown proteins following their separation, often using two-dimensional electrophoresis, digestion of particular proteins of interest by trypsin, determination of the molecular weight of the resulting peptides, and database searching to make the identification of the proteins. Application of proteomics to Alzheimer's disease (AD), the major dementing disorder of the elderly, has just begun. Differences in protein expression and post-translational modification (mostly oxidative modification) of proteins from AD brain and peripheral tissue, as well as in brain from rodent models of AD, have yielded insights into potential molecular mechanisms of neurodegeneration in this dementing disorder. This review surveys the proteomics studies relevant to AD, from which new understandings of the pathology, biochemistry, and physiology of AD are beginning to emerge.
蛋白质组学涉及在蛋白质分离后对未知蛋白质进行鉴定，通常采用二维电泳，用胰蛋白酶消化特定的目标蛋白质，测定所得肽段的分子量，并通过数据库搜索来鉴定蛋白质。将蛋白质组学应用于阿尔茨海默病（AD）——老年人主要的痴呆症——的研究才刚刚开始。来自AD患者大脑和外周组织以及AD啮齿动物模型大脑的蛋白质在表达和翻译后修饰（主要是氧化修饰）上的差异，为这种痴呆症神经退行性变的潜在分子机制提供了见解。本文综述了与AD相关的蛋白质组学研究，从中开始浮现出对AD病理学、生物化学和生理学的新认识。
