Horner K C
Laboratoire d'Audiologie Expérimentale, Inserm U229, Université Bordeaux II, Hôpital Pellegrin, France.
Scanning Microsc. 1992 Dec;6(4):1115-27; discussion 1127-8.
Scanning electron microscopy observations were carried out on the cochlear and vestibular epithelia of the left temporal bone of a Menière's patient. There was almost complete absence of hair cells in the basal turn of the cochlea. The outer hair cells of the second turn presented an abnormal shortening of the shorter stereocilia within a tuft, reminiscent of the specific atrophy of the short and middle stereocilia in the ciliary tufts of outer hair cells in the guinea pig with experimental hydrops. The cilia of the inner hair cells showed fusion and giant cilia formation. Hair cells were observed in the apical turn which showed no pathological features in particular. In the saccular epithelium there were a number of striking features including, loss of the kinocilium, loss of ciliary tufts, swelling of the sensory cells, holes in the epithelium, and sensory cells pushed out and lying on the surface. The utricular epithelium was less perturbed and showed only relatively small protrusions from the epithelial surface. Similar observations have earlier been made on the vestibular epithelium in experimental hydrops. After taking into consideration the relatively long delay to fixation (12 hours) it appeared that the sacculus was more fragile and prone to autolysis than the other organs suggesting that the in-vivo pathology was manifested in particular in that organ as would be predicted from Menière's symptoms.
对一名梅尼埃病患者左侧颞骨的耳蜗和前庭上皮进行了扫描电子显微镜观察。耳蜗基部几乎完全没有毛细胞。第二圈的外毛细胞在一束毛中出现较短静纤毛异常缩短，这让人想起实验性积水豚鼠外毛细胞纤毛束中短和中静纤毛的特异性萎缩。内毛细胞的纤毛显示融合和巨纤毛形成。在顶圈观察到毛细胞，未发现特别的病理特征。在球囊上皮中有许多显著特征，包括动纤毛缺失、纤毛束缺失、感觉细胞肿胀、上皮中的孔洞以及感觉细胞被挤出并位于表面。椭圆囊上皮受干扰较小，仅显示上皮表面相对较小的突起。早期在实验性积水中对前庭上皮也有类似观察。考虑到相对较长的固定延迟时间（12小时）后，似乎球囊比其他器官更脆弱且更易自溶，这表明体内病理学尤其在该器官中表现出来，正如从梅尼埃病症状所预测的那样。
