Tay M T, Au Eong K G, Ng C Y, Lim M K
Singapore National Eye Centre.
Ann Acad Med Singap. 1992 Nov;21(6):785-91.
Data of 421,116 Singaporean males aged 15 to 25 (mean 17.75) years who underwent compulsory medical examination in 1974-84 and 1987-91 were used to estimate the prevalence of myopia and to study the correlation between the prevalence and severity of myopia and educational attainment. The estimated myopia prevalence rate was 26.3% in 1974-84 and 43.3% in 1987-91. This rise in the rate was accompanied by an increase in the proportion of males who achieved higher levels of education over the same period. The overall myopia prevalence rate was 30.4%. Both the prevalence and severity of myopia were higher as the level of education attained increased. The myopia prevalence rate was 15.4% in males with no formal education and increased steadily through groups with intermediate education to 65.2% among those with GCE 'A' level education, 57.5% among diploma holders and 65.1% among university graduates in 1987-91. Seventy out of 173 (40%) myopes with no formal education compared to 1035 out of 1612 (64%) myopes with university degrees had unaided visual acuity worse than 6/60 in 1987-91. Our findings confirm indications from other sources that the association between the prevalence and severity of myopia and education attainment is real. A combination of genetic and environmental factors may be the cause of this association.
对1974 - 1984年以及1987 - 1991年期间接受义务体检的421,116名15至25岁（平均17.75岁）的新加坡男性的数据进行分析，以估算近视患病率，并研究近视患病率及严重程度与教育程度之间的相关性。1974 - 1984年期间估算的近视患病率为26.3%，1987 - 1991年为43.3%。患病率的上升伴随着同期接受高等教育男性比例的增加。总体近视患病率为30.4%。近视的患病率和严重程度均随着所达到的教育水平的提高而升高。1987 - 1991年，未接受正规教育的男性近视患病率为15.4%，随着教育程度提升，患病率稳步上升，中等教育程度人群中患病率为65.2%，普通教育证书“A”级水平人群中为57.5%，文凭持有者中为65.1%，大学毕业生中为65.1%。1987 - 1991年，173名未接受正规教育的近视患者中有70名（40%）视力低于6/60，而1612名大学学历近视患者中有1035名（64%）视力低于6/60。我们的研究结果证实了其他研究的结论，即近视患病率和严重程度与教育程度之间的关联是真实存在的。遗传和环境因素共同作用可能是导致这种关联的原因。
