Siervogel Roger M, Demerath Ellen W, Schubert Christine, Remsberg Karen E, Chumlea William Cameron, Sun Shumei, Czerwinski Stefan A, Towne Bradford
Department of Community Health, Wright State University School of Medicine, Dayton, OH 45420, USA.
Horm Res. 2003;60(Suppl 1):36-45. doi: 10.1159/000071224.
Body composition during puberty is a marker of metabolic changes that occur during this period of growth and maturation, and, thus, holds key information regarding current and future health. During puberty, the main components of body composition (total body fat, lean body mass, bone mineral content) all increase, but considerable sexual dimorphism exists. Methods for measuring body composition (e.g. densitometry and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) and degree of maturity will be discussed in this review. Components of body composition show age-to-age correlations (i.e. 'tracking'), especially from adolescence onwards. Furthermore, adipose tissue is endocrinologically active and is centrally involved in the interaction between adipocytokines, insulin and sex-steroid hormones, and thus influences cardiovascular and metabolic disease processes. In conclusion, pubertal body composition is important, not only for the assessment of contemporaneous nutritional status, but also for being linked directly to the possible onset of chronic disease later in life and is, therefore, useful for disease risk assessment and intervention early in life.
青春期的身体组成是这一生长和成熟阶段发生的代谢变化的标志，因此包含有关当前和未来健康的关键信息。在青春期，身体组成的主要成分（全身脂肪、瘦体重、骨矿物质含量）都会增加，但存在明显的性别差异。本综述将讨论测量身体组成的方法（如密度测定法和双能X线吸收法）以及成熟度。身体组成的成分显示出年龄与年龄之间的相关性（即“轨迹”），尤其是从青春期开始。此外，脂肪组织具有内分泌活性，在脂肪细胞因子、胰岛素和性激素之间的相互作用中起核心作用，从而影响心血管和代谢疾病进程。总之，青春期的身体组成很重要，不仅对于评估同期营养状况很重要，而且直接与生命后期慢性病的可能发病相关，因此对于生命早期的疾病风险评估和干预很有用。
