Kermani M J, Sarasan V, Roberts A V, Yokoya K, Wentworth J, Sieber V K
School of Health and Bioscience, University of East London, UK.
Theor Appl Genet. 2003 Nov;107(7):1195-200. doi: 10.1007/s00122-003-1374-1. Epub 2003 Sep 3.
Shoot tips of the diploid rose Thérèse Bugnet were treated in vitro to oryzalin at concentrations of 5 and 15 microM. Tetraploid shoots were obtained in highest frequencies (40%) after exposure to 5 microM oryzalin for 14 days. Thin (1 mm) nodal sections were treated with 5 microM oryzalin and the highest frequency of tetraploids (66%) was obtained after exposure for only 1 day. The shorter exposure times required to induce chromosome doubling in thin nodal sections is attributed to the more efficient delivery of oryzalin to the meristem. Tetraploids were obtained from four diploid roses and hexaploids from two triploid roses. Chromosome doubling was accompanied by increases in thickness and a darker green colouration of the leaves and, in all diploid to tetraploid and one triploid to hexaploid conversion, the breadth/length ratio of leaflets was significantly increased. Internodes were longer in tetraploids than diploids but significantly shorter in hexaploids than triploids. The number of petals per flower in the tetraploid form of Thérèse Bugnet was double that of the diploid. Significant increases in pollen viability accompanied chromosome doubling of all four diploids and one of the two triploids.
将二倍体玫瑰“特蕾丝·比格内特”的茎尖在体外分别用浓度为5微摩尔和15微摩尔的oryzalin处理。在暴露于5微摩尔oryzalin 14天后，四倍体茎尖的获得频率最高（40%）。用5微摩尔oryzalin处理1毫米厚的茎节段，仅暴露1天后就获得了最高频率的四倍体（66%）。在薄茎节段中诱导染色体加倍所需的暴露时间较短，这归因于oryzalin向分生组织的递送效率更高。从4种二倍体玫瑰中获得了四倍体，从2种三倍体玫瑰中获得了六倍体。染色体加倍伴随着叶片厚度增加和颜色变深，并且在所有二倍体到四倍体以及一个三倍体到六倍体的转化中，小叶的宽/长比显著增加。四倍体的节间比二倍体长，但六倍体的节间比三倍体显著短。“特蕾丝·比格内特”四倍体形式的每朵花的花瓣数是二倍体的两倍。所有4种二倍体和2种三倍体中的一种在染色体加倍后花粉活力显著增加。
