Narciso Sandy P, Nadziejko Elizabeth, Chen Lung Chi, Gordon Terry, Nadziejko Christine
Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, New York 10987, USA.
Inhal Toxicol. 2003 Sep 15;15(11):1133-43. doi: 10.1080/08958370390228592.
There are limited data on the efficacy of procedures for adapting rodents to restraint in nose-only holders. We examined: (1) What effect does restraint in nose-only holders have on heart rate and body temperature? (2) Does a gradual increase in the duration of restraint facilitate adaptation? (3) How long does it take for rodents to become fully adapted to nose-only holders? (4) Do rats and mice respond and adapt similarly to restraint in nose only holders? Heart rate and body temperature were monitored as measures of stress using electrocardiograph (ECG) transmitters in male C57Bl/6J mice and Sprague-Dawley rats. In naive animals during the first hour of restraint, heart rate increased by 58 beats per minute (BPM) (18.6%) in rats and by 174 BPM (32.3%) in mice as compared to cage controls. Temperature increased by 2 degrees C in mice and was unchanged in rats compared to cage controls. Heart rate and temperature values remained within normal physiologic values during restraint. In rats, the response to restraint in nose-only holders was the same after 4 days regardless of whether the duration of restraint was increased gradually to 4 h/day or kept constant at 4 h/day. In mice, the group that was gradually adapted had a statistically significant higher heart rate and temperature after 4 days than the fixed-duration adapted group. Rats and mice restrained for 4 h/day every day showed a gradual decrease in heart rate and temperature over time. Full adaptation to restraint required 14 days of fixed-duration daily restraint.
关于使啮齿动物适应仅限制鼻子的固定器的程序效果的数据有限。我们研究了：（1）仅限制鼻子的固定器对心率和体温有什么影响？（2）限制时间的逐渐增加是否有助于适应？（3）啮齿动物完全适应仅限制鼻子的固定器需要多长时间？（4）大鼠和小鼠对仅限制鼻子的固定器的反应和适应是否相似？在雄性C57Bl/6J小鼠和Sprague-Dawley大鼠中，使用心电图（ECG）发射器监测心率和体温作为应激指标。在未适应的动物中，在限制的第一个小时内，与笼养对照相比，大鼠的心率每分钟增加58次（BPM）（18.6%），小鼠的心率增加174 BPM（32.3%）。与笼养对照相比，小鼠体温升高2摄氏度，大鼠体温不变。在限制期间，心率和体温值保持在正常生理值范围内。在大鼠中，无论限制时间是逐渐增加到4小时/天还是保持在4小时/天不变，4天后对仅限制鼻子的固定器的反应都是相同的。在小鼠中，逐渐适应的组在4天后的心率和体温在统计学上显著高于固定持续时间适应的组。每天限制4小时的大鼠和小鼠随着时间的推移心率和体温逐渐下降。完全适应限制需要每天进行14天固定持续时间的限制。
