Coteur Geoffroy, Pernet Philippe, Gillan David, Joly Guillemette, Maage Amund, Dubois Philippe
Laboratoire de Biologie Marine (CP 160/15), Université Libre de Bruxelles, 50, Av. F.D. Roosevelt, B-1050 Bruxelles, Belgium.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2003 Sep;22(9):2136-44. doi: 10.1897/02-489.
The accumulation of Cd, Pb, Zn, and Cu in the starfish Asterias rubens was studied in a Norwegian fjord characterized by a gradient of metal pollution in the sediments, ranging from very high metal concentrations at its head to much lower levels at its opening. The concentrations of metals in starfish from natural populations along the gradient (long-term accumulation) and in starfish that were transferred up the gradient (short-term accumulation) were compared. At long-term, Cd and Pb accumulations by starfish living at normal salinity (30/1000) were related to the level of contamination of the environment while Cu and, to a lesser extent, Zn accumulations appeared strictly controlled. At short-term, Pb was accumulated steadily, Cd and Zn were accumulated transiently in the pyloric caeca (fast compartment), and Cu was not accumulated at all. Depuration experiments (transfer down the gradient) showed that Cd and Pb were efficiently eliminated from the pyloric caeca but not from the body wall (slow compartment). It is concluded that Pb is chronically accumulated, without apparent control, Cd is subjected to a regulating mechanism in the pyloric caeca which is overwhelmed over the long-term; Zn is tightly controlled in the pyloric caeca and Cu in both pyloric caeca and body wall. A distinct color variety of starfish is restricted to the low salinity (22-26/1000) superficial water layer. This variety showed a different pattern of metal accumulation over the long-term. This pattern is attributed to the particular hydrological conditions prevailing in this upper layer.
在挪威一个峡湾对红斑海盘车中镉、铅、锌和铜的积累情况进行了研究，该峡湾沉积物存在金属污染梯度，从峡湾源头极高的金属浓度到入海口低得多的水平。比较了沿该梯度自然种群海星（长期积累）和向上转移梯度的海星（短期积累）中的金属浓度。长期来看，生活在正常盐度（30/1000）下的海星对镉和铅的积累与环境污染水平有关，而铜以及在较小程度上锌的积累似乎受到严格控制。短期来看，铅稳定积累，镉和锌在幽门盲囊（快速区室）中短暂积累，而铜根本不积累。净化实验（向下转移梯度）表明，镉和铅能有效地从幽门盲囊中消除，但不能从体壁（缓慢区室）中消除。得出的结论是，铅长期积累且无明显控制，镉在幽门盲囊中受到调节机制影响，但长期来看该机制会不堪重负；锌在幽门盲囊中受到严格控制，铜在幽门盲囊和体壁中均受到严格控制。一种独特颜色的海星品种局限于低盐度（22 - 26/1000）的表层水层。这种品种长期表现出不同的金属积累模式。这种模式归因于该上层普遍存在的特殊水文条件。
