Kim Woong-Ki, Corey Sarah, Alvarez Xavier, Williams Kenneth
Division of Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
J Leukoc Biol. 2003 Nov;74(5):650-6. doi: 10.1189/jlb.0503207. Epub 2003 Aug 11.
This short review focuses on the role of central nervous system (CNS) perivascular macrophages as targets of productive infection of the CNS. Data discussed include the importance of these cells as early targets of infection and their productive infection with AIDS. Many of the immune molecules on perivascular macrophages are also found on subsets of blood monocyte/macrophages, some of which are expanded during human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. These observations paired with the known bone marrow (BM) origin of perivascular macrophages and the BM as a site of HIV infection underscore the importance of the study of monocyte populations in the BM and blood, which are activated and infected as a source of virus that enters the CNS. Data presented and discussed herein suggest a role of HIV-infected BM-derived monocytes as "Trojan horse" cells that traffic to the CNS to become perivascular macrophages. The study of such cells including their timing of infection, activation, and traffic and the role of HIV-specific immune responses controlling their accumulation in the CNS warrant study with regard to CNS neuropathogenesis.
这篇简短的综述聚焦于中枢神经系统（CNS）血管周围巨噬细胞作为中枢神经系统 productive 感染靶点的作用。所讨论的数据包括这些细胞作为早期感染靶点的重要性以及它们与艾滋病的 productive 感染情况。血管周围巨噬细胞上的许多免疫分子也存在于血液单核细胞/巨噬细胞亚群上，其中一些在人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染期间会增多。这些观察结果与血管周围巨噬细胞已知的骨髓（BM）起源以及骨髓作为HIV感染部位的情况相结合，突出了研究骨髓和血液中单核细胞群体的重要性，这些单核细胞被激活并感染后成为进入中枢神经系统的病毒来源。本文呈现和讨论的数据表明，HIV感染的骨髓来源单核细胞作为“特洛伊木马”细胞，会迁移至中枢神经系统并成为血管周围巨噬细胞。对这类细胞的研究，包括它们的感染时间、激活情况、迁移以及HIV特异性免疫反应在控制它们在中枢神经系统中积聚方面的作用，对于中枢神经系统神经病理学发病机制而言值得深入研究。 （注：“productive infection”直译为“生产性感染”，在医学语境中可能有更专业的特定含义，这里保留英文以便准确传达原文信息）
