Whitaker Sean M, Graves Rod J, James Malcolm, McCann Paul
School of The Built Environment, Heriot-Watt University, EH14 4AS, Scotland, Edinburgh, UK.
J Safety Res. 2003;34(3):249-61. doi: 10.1016/s0022-4375(03)00025-2.
Accidents involving temporary access systems, particularly temporary scaffolds, account for a large proportion of injuries in the construction industry worldwide.
This paper outlines the development of a prototype decision aid (SCAFPASS, an abbreviation for Scaffold Planning Aid for System Safety) to promote access scaffold safety. It was guided by an examination of the root-causes and management deficiencies apparent in: (a) paper-based files of 186 access-related incidents held by the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) in the UK; and (b) computer-based files of 2,910 incidents appearing in the HSE database between 1997 to 2000.
The more frequent root-causes included the fitting of defective components, unauthorized modification of the structure, omission of barriers, and errors resulting in simple, readily detectable structural faults. Common managerial deficiencies included failure to control risk, unsafe methods and procedures, and inadequate training and supervision.
SCAFPASS aims to avoid these root-causes by improving safety management from the outset and throughout all phases of a project.
涉及临时通道系统，特别是临时脚手架的事故，在全球建筑业伤亡事故中占很大比例。
本文概述了一种原型决策辅助工具（SCAFPASS，即系统安全脚手架规划辅助工具的缩写）的开发，以促进通道脚手架安全。它是通过对以下方面明显的根本原因和管理缺陷进行审查来指导的：（a）英国健康与安全执行局（HSE）持有的186起与通道相关事故的纸质档案；以及（b）1997年至2000年期间HSE数据库中出现的2910起事故的计算机档案。
较常见的根本原因包括安装有缺陷的部件、未经授权修改结构、遗漏障碍物以及导致简单、易于发现的结构故障的错误。常见的管理缺陷包括未能控制风险、不安全的方法和程序以及培训和监督不足。
SCAFPASS旨在通过从项目一开始并在项目的所有阶段改进安全管理来避免这些根本原因。
