Halperin Kopl M, McCann Michael
The Center to Protect Workers' Rights, 8484 Georgia Avenue, Ste. 1000, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA.
J Safety Res. 2004;35(2):141-50. doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2003.11.004.
This study evaluated common scaffold safety practices in construction.
A 150-point checklist was used to evaluate supported scaffold safety practices at 113 scaffolds in nine areas of the eastern United States.
Thirty-six scaffolds (31.9%) were either in danger of collapse or missing planking, guardrails, or adequate access. There was a strong statistical correlation between structural flaws and fall protection hazards, and between proper scaffold safety practice and (a) competent persons with scaffold safety training, (b) use of separate scaffold erection contractors, and (c) scaffolds that were not simple frame types. A slightly weaker correlation was found with union status of the scaffold erector, and no correlation was found with geography, site size, number of scaffold users, and trade working on the scaffold.
Recommendations are made for safer scaffold practice, including a simple four-factor scaffold inspection method.
Implementation of the four-factor method could result in a cost-effective way to identify unsafe scaffolds.
本研究评估了建筑施工中常见的脚手架安全做法。
使用一份150分的检查表，对美国东部九个地区的113个脚手架的支撑式脚手架安全做法进行评估。
36个脚手架（31.9%）存在坍塌危险，或缺少脚手板、护栏或适当的通道。结构缺陷与坠落防护危险之间，以及正确的脚手架安全做法与（a）接受过脚手架安全培训的合格人员、（b）使用独立的脚手架搭建承包商、（c）非简单框架类型的脚手架之间存在很强的统计相关性。与脚手架搭建者的工会身份相关性稍弱，与地理位置、工地规模、脚手架使用者数量以及在脚手架上作业的行业无关。
针对更安全的脚手架做法提出了建议，包括一种简单的四因素脚手架检查方法。
实施四因素方法可以以经济有效的方式识别不安全的脚手架。
