日粮精油成分对雌性肉鸡生长性能、消化酶及脂质代谢的影响

Effects of dietary essential oil components on growth performance, digestive enzymes and lipid metabolism in female broiler chickens.

Lee K W, Everts H, Kappert H J, Frehner M, Losa R, Beynen A C

Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Br Poult Sci. 2003 Jul;44(3):450-7. doi: 10.1080/0007166031000085508.

Abstract

The present experiment was conducted to describe the effects of thymol, cinnamaldehyde and a commercial preparation of essential oil components (CRINA Poultry), in female broilers. Feed and water were provided for ad libitum consumption. 2. Feed intake, weight gain and feed:gain ratio were not different among the treatments. Water intake was significantly lowered by cinnamaldehyde. Relative liver weight (g/100 g of body weight) was highest in birds given thymol, but this was seen only at the age of 21 d and not at 40 d. Patterns of digestive enzymes in pancreatic tissue were similar for the 4 treatments. 3. Amylase activity in intestinal digesta was highest in chickens given CRINA Poultry for 21 d, but the effect had disappeared after 40 d. Ileal digestibility coefficients for starch and protein were high and identical for all treatments. 4. Fatty acid composition of diet was reflected in that of adipose tissue. Plasma lipid concentrations were not changed by any dietary treatment. 5. Thus, the present results show no effect of essential oil constituents on growth performance in female broiler chickens, but it cannot be excluded that positive effects would have been observed under less hygienic environmental conditions or when using a less digestible diet.

摘要

本实验旨在描述百里香酚、肉桂醛和一种精油成分的商业制剂（CRINA家禽用）对雌性肉鸡的影响。提供饲料和水供其自由采食。2. 各处理组之间的采食量、体重增加和料重比没有差异。肉桂醛显著降低了饮水量。给予百里香酚的鸡的相对肝脏重量（克/100克体重）最高，但仅在21日龄时出现这种情况，40日龄时未出现。4种处理的胰腺组织中消化酶的模式相似。3. 给予CRINA家禽用制剂21天的鸡的肠道食糜中的淀粉酶活性最高，但40天后这种效果消失。所有处理的淀粉和蛋白质的回肠消化系数都很高且相同。4. 日粮的脂肪酸组成反映在脂肪组织的脂肪酸组成中。任何日粮处理都未改变血浆脂质浓度。5. 因此，目前的结果表明精油成分对雌性肉鸡的生长性能没有影响，但不能排除在卫生条件较差的环境下或使用消化率较低的日粮时会观察到积极影响。