Borel Patrick
Unité 476 INSERM, Faculté de Médecine, Nutrition Humaine et Lipides, Marseille, France.
Clin Chem Lab Med. 2003 Aug;41(8):979-94. doi: 10.1515/CCLM.2003.151.
Highly lipophilic food microconstituents (HLFMs) with octanol-water partition coefficients log10 P(c) > 8 include the fat-soluble vitamins (A, E, D and K) and phytochemicals with potential health benefits, the carotenoids and phytosterols. It has been assumed that these compounds have the same metabolism in the human upper gastrointestinal tract and that they follow the same fate as lipids. However, a literature review shows that the metabolism of HLFMs in the upper gastrointestinal tract depends on each HLFM species. For example, some HLFM esters are hydrolyzed mainly by pancreatic lipase, others by bile salt-stimulated lipase; some HLFMs are apparently absorbed by passive diffusion, others by a transporter. Also, although some factors (HLFM molecular species, fat, food matrix) affect absorption efficiency of most HLFMs, other factors (fibers, microconstituents) apparently affect absorption only of some HLFMs. The mnemonic acronym SLAMENGHI, previously proposed to list the factors affecting the bioavailability of carotenoids, was used here to review current knowledge of the factors suspected to affect the intestinal absorption of HLFMs. The available data reveal numerous gaps in the knowledge of the metabolism of HLFMs and the factors that affect their absorption. These gaps need to be filled to be able to formulate HLFMs so as to promote greater absorption efficiency.
辛醇 - 水分配系数log10 P(c) > 8的高度亲脂性食物微量成分（HLFMs）包括脂溶性维生素（A、E、D和K）以及具有潜在健康益处的植物化学物质，如类胡萝卜素和植物甾醇。人们一直认为这些化合物在人体上消化道具有相同的代谢方式，并且它们与脂质的命运相同。然而，一项文献综述表明，HLFMs在上消化道的代谢取决于每种HLFM种类。例如，一些HLFM酯主要由胰脂肪酶水解，另一些则由胆汁盐刺激的脂肪酶水解；一些HLFMs显然通过被动扩散吸收，另一些则通过转运蛋白吸收。此外，虽然一些因素（HLFM分子种类、脂肪、食物基质）会影响大多数HLFMs的吸收效率，但其他因素（纤维、微量成分）显然仅影响某些HLFMs的吸收。此前提出的用于列出影响类胡萝卜素生物利用度因素的助记首字母缩写词SLAMENGHI，在此用于回顾目前关于疑似影响HLFMs肠道吸收因素的知识。现有数据揭示了HLFMs代谢及影响其吸收因素方面知识的诸多空白。需要填补这些空白，以便能够配制HLFMs以提高吸收效率。
