Wojcicki Janet M, Newton Rob, Urban Margaret I, Stein Lara, Hale Martin, Patel Moosa, Ruff Paul, Sur Ranjan, Bourboulia Dimitra, Sitas Freddy
Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, University of California, San Francisco, United States.
BMC Infect Dis. 2003 Sep 12;3:21. doi: 10.1186/1471-2334-3-21.
Infection with human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), also known as Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), is the necessary causal agent in the development of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). Infection with HIV-1, male gender and older age all increase risk for KS. However, the geographic distribution of HHV-8 and KS both prior to the HIV/AIDS epidemic and with HIV/AIDS suggest the presence of an additional co-factor in the development of KS.
Between January 1994 and October 1997, we interviewed 2576 black in-patients with cancer in Johannesburg and Soweto, South Africa. Blood was tested for antibodies against HIV-1 and HHV-8 and the study was restricted to 2191 HIV-1 negative patients. Antibodies against the latent nuclear antigen of HHV-8 encoded by orf73 were detected with an indirect immunofluorescence assay. We examined the relationship between high anti-HHV-8 antibody titers (> or =1:51,200) and sociodemographic and behavioral factors using unconditional logistic regression models. Variables that were significant at p = 0.10 were included in multivariate analysis.
Of the 2191 HIV-1 negative patients who did not have Kaposi's sarcoma, 854 (39.0%) were positive for antibodies against HHV-8 according to the immunofluorescent assay. Among those seropositive for HHV-8, 530 (62.1%) had low titers (1:200), 227 (26.6%) had medium titers (1:51,200) and 97 (11.4%) had highest titers (1:204,800). Among the 2191 HIV-1 negative patients, the prevalence of high anti-HHV-8 antibody titers (> or =1:51,200) was independently associated with increasing age (p-trend = 0.04), having a marital status of separated or divorced (p = 0.003), using wood, coal or charcoal as fuel for cooking 20 years ago instead of electricity (p = 0.02) and consuming traditional maize beer more than one time a week (p = 0.02; p-trend for increasing consumption = 0.05) although this may be due to chance given the large number of predictors considered in this analysis.
Among HIV-negative subjects, patients with high anti-HHV-8 antibody titers are characterized by older age. Other associations that may be factors in the development of high anti-HHV-8 titers include exposure to poverty or a low socioeconomic status environment and consumption of traditional maize beer. The relationship between these variables and high anti-HHV-8 titers requires further, prospective study.
人类疱疹病毒8型（HHV-8）感染，也称为卡波西肉瘤相关疱疹病毒（KSHV）感染，是卡波西肉瘤（KS）发生的必要病因。HIV-1感染、男性性别和高龄都会增加患KS的风险。然而，在HIV/AIDS流行之前以及与HIV/AIDS相关的HHV-8和KS的地理分布表明，KS的发生还存在其他协同因素。
1994年1月至1997年10月期间，我们对南非约翰内斯堡和索韦托的2576名黑人癌症住院患者进行了访谈。检测血液中的HIV-1和HHV-8抗体，该研究仅限于2191名HIV-1阴性患者。采用间接免疫荧光法检测针对由orf73编码的HHV-8潜伏核抗原的抗体。我们使用无条件逻辑回归模型研究了高抗HHV-8抗体滴度（≥1:51,200）与社会人口统计学和行为因素之间的关系。在多变量分析中纳入了p = 0.10时具有显著性的变量。
在2191名没有卡波西肉瘤的HIV-1阴性患者中，根据免疫荧光检测，854名（39.0%）抗HHV-8抗体呈阳性。在那些HHV-8血清阳性者中，530名（62.1%）滴度较低（1:200），227名（26.6%）滴度中等（1:51,200），97名（11.4%）滴度最高（1:204,800）。在2191名HIV-1阴性患者中，高抗HHV-8抗体滴度（≥1:51,200）的患病率与年龄增长独立相关（p趋势 = 0.04），婚姻状况为分居或离婚（p = 0.003），20年前使用木材、煤炭或木炭作为烹饪燃料而非电力（p = 0.02），以及每周饮用传统玉米啤酒超过一次（p = 0.02；饮用增加的p趋势 = 0.05），不过鉴于该分析中考虑的预测因素数量众多，这可能是偶然因素。
在HIV阴性受试者中，抗HHV-8抗体滴度高的患者以年龄较大为特征。其他可能是高抗HHV-8滴度发生因素的关联包括暴露于贫困或低社会经济地位环境以及饮用传统玉米啤酒。这些变量与高抗HHV-8滴度之间的关系需要进一步的前瞻性研究。
