Kocher Mininder S, Klingele Kevin, Rassman Sean O
Harvard Medical School, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Division of Sports Medicine, Children Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Orthop Clin North Am. 2003 Jul;34(3):329-40. doi: 10.1016/s0030-5898(03)00008-7.
Meniscal injuries in children and adolescents are being seen with increased frequency. Meniscal tears are typically traumatic injuries in adolescents. Because of increased healing potential and the younger age of these patients, attempts at meniscal preservation should be emphasized for outer and middle third tears. Discoid meniscus typically presents as a snapping knee in younger children or as a meniscal tear in older children. Again, meniscal preservation by saucerization is emphasized. Careful attention should be given to the need for additional meniscal repair. Popliteal cysts typically present as a painless mass. Because they are usually not associated with an internal pathology and often resolve spontaneously, the preferred treatment is observation.
儿童和青少年半月板损伤的发病率正在上升。半月板撕裂在青少年中通常是创伤性损伤。由于这些患者的愈合潜力增强且年龄较小,对于外侧和中部三分之一撕裂,应强调保留半月板的尝试。盘状半月板在年幼儿童中通常表现为膝关节弹响,在年长儿童中则表现为半月板撕裂。同样,强调通过碟形化保留半月板。应仔细考虑是否需要进行额外的半月板修复。腘窝囊肿通常表现为无痛性肿块。由于它们通常与内部病变无关且常可自发消退,首选的治疗方法是观察。