药物对唾液腺的影响：口干。
Drug effects on salivary glands: dry mouth.
作者信息
Scully C
机构信息
International Centres for Excellence in Dentistry and Department of Oral Medicine, Eastman Dental Institute for Oral Health Care Sciences, University of London, London, UK.
出版信息
Oral Dis. 2003 Jul;9(4):165-76. doi: 10.1034/j.1601-0825.2003.03967.x.
OBJECTIVE
To identify drugs associated with the complaint of dry mouth.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
MEDLINE was searched for papers 1980-2002 using keywords, oral, mouth, salivary, drugs, dry mouth and xerostomia, and relevant secondary references were hand-searched.
RESULTS
Evidence was forthcoming for a number of xerogenic drugs, especially antimuscarinic agents, some sympathomimetic agents, and agents affecting serotonin and noradrenaline uptake, as well as a miscellany of other drugs such as appetite suppressants, protease inhibitors and cytokines.
CONCLUSION
Dry mouth has a variety of possible causes but drugs--especially those with anticholinergic activity against the M3 muscarinic receptor--are the most common cause of reduced salivation.
目的
确定与口干主诉相关的药物。
材料与方法
使用关键词“口腔”“口”“唾液”“药物”“口干”和“口腔干燥症”检索1980年至2002年的MEDLINE数据库，并手工检索相关的二次参考文献。
结果
有证据表明多种致口干药物，尤其是抗毒蕈碱剂、一些拟交感神经药、影响5-羟色胺和去甲肾上腺素摄取的药物，以及其他各类药物，如食欲抑制剂、蛋白酶抑制剂和细胞因子。
结论
口干有多种可能原因，但药物——尤其是那些对M3毒蕈碱受体具有抗胆碱能活性的药物——是唾液分泌减少的最常见原因。
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