Quirynen M, Teughels W, van Steenberghe D
Catholic University of Leuven, Faculty of Medicine, Research Group for Microbial Adhesion, Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Oral Pathology & Maxillo-facial Surgery, Leuven, Belgium.
Oral Dis. 2003;9 Suppl 1:30-7. doi: 10.1034/j.1601-0825.9.s1.6.x.
Antibiotics have played a major role in the improvement of life expectancy in the last 50 years and have led many to believe that bacterial infections were about to vanish as a disease entity of any importance. Emerging problems resulting from a widespread use of antibiotics have modified the general perception of the capabilities of antimicrobial agents. Over the years, bacteria have become increasingly resistant to formerly potent antimicrobial agents, including some antiseptics. The use of antimicrobials may also disturb the delicate ecological equilibrium of the body, allowing the proliferation of resistant bacteria or non-bacterial micro-organisms. This shift may initiate new infections that are worse than the ones originally treated. No antimicrobial drug is absolutely non-toxic and the use of an agent carries accompanying risks. This paper discusses the development and occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in the subgingival flora towards antiseptics and local or systemic antibiotics and is focussed on the question: how can the outcome of periodontal therapy with/without antimicrobials be improved?
在过去50年里，抗生素在提高预期寿命方面发挥了重要作用，使许多人认为细菌感染将作为一种重要的疾病实体而消失。抗生素的广泛使用所引发的新问题改变了人们对抗菌药物能力的总体认识。多年来，细菌对以前有效的抗菌药物（包括一些防腐剂）的耐药性越来越强。使用抗菌药物还可能扰乱人体微妙的生态平衡，使耐药菌或非细菌微生物得以增殖。这种转变可能引发比最初治疗的感染更严重的新感染。没有一种抗菌药物是绝对无毒的，使用药物会伴随风险。本文讨论了龈下菌群对抗菌剂以及局部或全身用抗生素的耐药性的发展和发生情况，并聚焦于这样一个问题：如何提高使用或不使用抗菌药物的牙周治疗效果？
