Pastors Joyce Green
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Virginia, Fontaine Research Park, 450 Ray C. Hunt Drive, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
Curr Diab Rep. 2003 Oct;3(5):386-91. doi: 10.1007/s11892-003-0082-1.
The United States is experiencing epidemics of both diabetes and obesity. Lifestyle intervention, including medical nutrition therapy (MNT), has been demonstrated to be clinically effective for the prevention and treatment of diabetes; however, it is often underutilized. The majority of people with diabetes are cared for by primary care providers. They should be providing persons with diabetes initial basic nutrition messages that are accurate and can be easily understood; referring to a registered dietitian; following up on the person's progress with nutrition intervention; and providing continued education and support. MNT, along with physical activity, should be the initial monotherapy for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, upon the initial diagnosis and given the blood glucose level is less than 200 mg/dL. The success of MNT is usually seen within 6 weeks and up to a maximum of 6 months. This is the point at which the person with diabetes and their provider(s) should decide whether MNT alone is succeeding or whether medication is needed.
美国正经历糖尿病和肥胖症的流行。包括医学营养治疗（MNT）在内的生活方式干预已被证明在预防和治疗糖尿病方面具有临床效果；然而，它常常未得到充分利用。大多数糖尿病患者由初级保健提供者护理。他们应该为糖尿病患者提供准确且易于理解的初始基本营养信息；转诊给注册营养师；跟进患者营养干预的进展情况；并提供持续教育和支持。对于2型糖尿病的治疗，在初次诊断且血糖水平低于200mg/dL时，MNT应与体育活动一起作为初始单一疗法。MNT的效果通常在6周内显现，最长可达6个月。此时，糖尿病患者及其医疗服务提供者应决定仅靠MNT是否成功，或者是否需要药物治疗。
