McLean M E, Wayman B E, Mayhew R B
Langley Air Force Base, Virginia 23665-5300.
Anesth Pain Control Dent. 1992 Fall;1(4):207-13.
The purpose of this study was to compare the duration of pulpal anesthesia obtained with 0.5% bupivacaine HCl with 1:200,000 epinephrine to 2% lidocaine HCl with 1:100,000 epinephrine, using the periodontal ligament (PDL) injection. Twenty-four subjects received bilateral PDL injections using mandibular premolar teeth and a double-blind research design. Anesthesia was defined as no response to maximum output of an electric pulp tester. An overall success rate of 35.4% was achieved. Duration of anesthesia obtained with bupivacaine HCl ranged from 4 minutes 59 seconds to 16 minutes 37 seconds with a mean duration of 10 minutes 24 seconds. Excluding one instance in which the duration was three orders of magnitude beyond the norm, duration of anesthesia obtained with lidocaine HCl ranged from 1 minute 43 seconds to 16 minutes 16 seconds with a mean duration of 7 minutes 10 seconds. Postoperatively, all experimental teeth tested vital with no clinically apparent pulpal or periodontal damage. Some postoperative discomfort was experienced at 16.6% of the injection sites.
本研究的目的是使用牙周韧带（PDL）注射法，比较0.5%盐酸布比卡因加1:200,000肾上腺素与2%盐酸利多卡因加1:100,000肾上腺素获得牙髓麻醉的持续时间。24名受试者使用下颌前磨牙接受双侧PDL注射，并采用双盲研究设计。麻醉定义为对牙髓电测器的最大输出无反应。总体成功率为35.4%。盐酸布比卡因获得的麻醉持续时间为4分59秒至16分37秒，平均持续时间为10分24秒。排除一次持续时间比正常情况超出三个数量级的情况后，盐酸利多卡因获得的麻醉持续时间为1分43秒至16分16秒，平均持续时间为7分10秒。术后，所有受试牙齿测试均显示活力正常，无明显的牙髓或牙周损伤临床症状。16.6%的注射部位出现了一些术后不适。
