Kapiga S H, Hunter D J, Nachtigal G
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania.
Cent Afr J Med. 1992 Sep;38(9):375-80.
Reproductive knowledge, and contraceptive awareness and practice were assessed among secondary school pupils in Bagamoyo and Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania. Four classes from four government secondary schools were randomly selected within strata of year of schooling, and students were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. All 490 pupils in selected classes participated in the study. Of 481 respondents with complete data, 315 (65.5 pc) were males and 166 (34.5 pc) were females; 256 (53.2 pc) were from Dar-es-Salaam while 225 (46.8 pc) were from Bagamoyo. Two hundred and ninety three (60.9 pc) respondents reported they were sexually active. However, only 77 (17.0 pc) pupils knew the "safe period" within the menstrual cycle and 329 (68.4 pc) pupils were able to spontaneously mention at least one method of contraception. Less contraceptive awareness was noted among respondents below 18 years of age particularly among females in both study areas. Only 45 (15.4 pc) pupils had ever used a contraceptive method. Despite a reasonable level of awareness and a positive attitude towards contraception, only a small proportion of sexually active pupils had ever used contraceptives. More research is required to identify the barriers to contraceptive use in the presence of knowledge.
在坦桑尼亚巴加莫约和达累斯萨拉姆的中学生中，对生殖知识、避孕意识及实践情况进行了评估。在不同学年层次内，从四所政府中学随机选取了四个班级，采用结构化问卷对学生进行访谈。所选班级的490名学生全部参与了该研究。在481名数据完整的受访者中，男性有315人（占65.5%），女性有166人（占34.5%）；256人（占53.2%）来自达累斯萨拉姆，225人（占46.8%）来自巴加莫约。293名（占60.9%）受访者报告称他们有性行为。然而，只有77名（占17.0%）学生知道月经周期中的“安全期”，329名（占68.4%）学生能够自发提及至少一种避孕方法。在两个研究地区，18岁以下的受访者，尤其是女性，避孕意识较低。只有45名（占15.4%）学生曾经使用过避孕方法。尽管对避孕有一定程度的了解且态度积极，但只有一小部分有性行为的学生曾经使用过避孕药具。需要开展更多研究来确定在有相关知识的情况下，使用避孕药具的障碍因素。
