Erkkola R, Kanto J, Kangas L, Piiroinen O
Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 1976;14(3):213-6. doi: 10.1002/j.1879-3479.1976.tb00598.x.
Ten milligrams of diazepam were injected intraamniotically in 8 mothers prior to therapeutic abortion between 12 and 19 weeks. The diazepam concentrations in the maternal plasma were comparable to those found after the same intramuscular diazepam dose to the mother. The concentration of diazepam in the amniotic fluid 12 to 18 hours after the injection was no longer significantly higher than in the maternal plasma. The concentrations of diazepam in the fetal plasma, liver and brain were comparable to the concentrations resulting from a 10 mg intramuscular diazepam dose to the mother about 2 hours before legal abortion. The feto-maternal ratio of diazepam was of same magnitude as after the intramuscular application to the mother. The results indicate that the disappearance of diazepam from the amniotic fluid in this stage of pregnancy occurs extraplacentally, through the mambranes into the uterine circulation. In the treatment of a fetus with drugs having properties similar to diazepam, intra-amniotic administration is no better than intramuscular administration to the mother.
在12至19周的治疗性流产前，对8名母亲进行羊膜腔内注射10毫克地西泮。母亲血浆中的地西泮浓度与给母亲肌肉注射相同剂量地西泮后的浓度相当。注射后12至18小时，羊水中地西泮的浓度不再显著高于母亲血浆中的浓度。胎儿血浆、肝脏和大脑中的地西泮浓度与合法流产前约2小时给母亲肌肉注射10毫克地西泮后的浓度相当。地西泮的胎儿与母亲的比例与给母亲肌肉注射后的比例相同。结果表明，在妊娠这个阶段，地西泮从羊水中消失是通过胎盘外途径，经胎膜进入子宫循环。在使用具有与地西泮相似性质的药物治疗胎儿时，羊膜腔内给药并不比给母亲肌肉注射更好。
