Omenn G S
School of Public Health & Community Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.
Asia Pac J Public Health. 1992;6(2):40-5. doi: 10.1177/101053959300600207.
Biotechnology has a growing place in the remediation of hazardous waste sites throughout the world, and especially in Asia where population density is high and land and fresh water are scarce. In-situ bioremediation has been demonstrated already to be highly effective for petroleum hydrocarbons (alkanes, aromatics, polychlorophenols) and organophosphate pesticides in soils and for gasoline by-products (benzene, toluene, xylene) and chlorinated solvents (trichloroethylene) in groundwater. Heavy metals and PCBs are not suitable for bioremediation. Environmental biotechnology includes solid-phase and slurry-phase bioremediation for contaminated soils and site-specific bioreactors for contaminated groundwater. Specific examples are presented. From a policy point of view, accumulated wastes must be detoxified, preferably at sites where they already exist. We cannot continue to rely on their removal and disposal "elsewhere". For current waste streams, we must minimize the volumes and toxicity. Environmental biotechnology will play a key role.
生物技术在全球危险废物场地的修复中所占的地位日益重要，在亚洲尤其如此，因为亚洲人口密度高，土地和淡水稀缺。原位生物修复已被证明对土壤中的石油碳氢化合物（烷烃、芳烃、多氯酚）和有机磷农药以及地下水中的汽油副产品（苯、甲苯、二甲苯）和氯化溶剂（三氯乙烯）非常有效。重金属和多氯联苯不适合生物修复。环境生物技术包括用于污染土壤的固相和泥浆相生物修复以及用于污染地下水的特定场地生物反应器。文中给出了具体实例。从政策角度来看，累积的废物必须进行解毒处理，最好是在其现有的场地进行。我们不能继续依赖将它们“转移到别处”进行清除和处置。对于当前的废物流，我们必须尽量减少其体积和毒性。环境生物技术将发挥关键作用。
