Matsuura K, Fujimura M, Nozawa Y, Iida Y, Hirayama M
University of California, School of Public Health, Maternal and Child Health Program, Berkeley, CA 94720.
Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1992 Feb;16(2):87-93.
A questionnaire was developed and administered to 433 female college students in 1985 and 973 females in 1990 to assess their body shape preferences. Their ideal weights for their current heights as estimated by them were analyzed using the body mass index. Our samples perceived their 'average' BMI at -0.5 s.d. of their mean current BMI. As a consequence they were very strict in setting the fat-borderline and tolerant in the thin-borderline. The perceived 'ideal' BMI was at -0.5 s.d. of their perceived 'average' and at about -1.0 s.d. of their actual average. Their extreme slim-body preference might have its root in the lack of proper understanding of what the 'average' body weight was, which might also be affected by the fact that they set their ideal shape at the level even lower than their misunderstood 'average'. The tendency was striking among those who considered their ideal body shape to be 'thin' and 'very thin'. These findings have not changed in the last five years in Japan. As for the 'contentment' regarding their weight, the most satisfied group changed from the nationally estimated 'thin' group to 'very thin' group in the last five years.
1985年，一份调查问卷被设计出来并发放给433名女大学生，1990年又发放给973名女性，以评估她们对体型的偏好。使用身体质量指数对她们根据自身当前身高估算出的理想体重进行了分析。我们的样本将其“平均”身体质量指数视为其当前平均身体质量指数标准差的-0.5倍。因此，她们在设定肥胖界限时非常严格，而在设定消瘦界限时较为宽容。她们所认为的“理想”身体质量指数是其认为的“平均”身体质量指数标准差的-0.5倍，约为其实际平均身体质量指数标准差的-1.0倍。她们对极瘦体型的偏好可能源于对“平均”体重缺乏正确的理解，这也可能受到以下事实的影响，即她们将理想体型设定在甚至低于其误解的“平均”水平。在那些认为自己理想体型为“瘦”和“非常瘦”的人当中，这种倾向很明显。在日本，过去五年这些发现没有变化。至于对自己体重的“满意度”，在过去五年中，最满意的群体从全国估计的“瘦”群体变成了“非常瘦”群体。
