Goldstein B J
Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02215.
J Cell Biochem. 1992 Jan;48(1):33-42. doi: 10.1002/jcb.240480107.
Protein-tyrosine phosphatases (PTPases) play an important role in the regulation of insulin action by dephosphorylating the active (autophosphorylated) form of the insulin receptor and attenuating its tyrosine kinase activity. PTPases can also modulate post-receptor signalling by catalyzing the dephosphorylation of cellular substrates of the insulin receptor kinase. Dramatic advances have recently been made in our understanding of PTPases as an extensive family of transmembrane and intracellular proteins that are involved in a number of pathways of cellular signal transduction. Identification of the PTPase(s) which act on various components of the insulin action cascade will not only enhance our understanding of insulin signalling but will also clarify the potential involvement of PTPases in the pathophysiology of insulin-resistant disease states. This brief review provides a summary of reversible tyrosine phosphorylation events in insulin action and available data on candidate PTPases in liver and skeletal muscle that may be involved in the regulation of insulin action.
蛋白质酪氨酸磷酸酶（PTPases）通过使胰岛素受体的活性（自磷酸化）形式去磷酸化并减弱其酪氨酸激酶活性，在胰岛素作用的调节中发挥重要作用。PTPases还可以通过催化胰岛素受体激酶的细胞底物去磷酸化来调节受体后信号传导。最近，我们对PTPases的理解取得了显著进展，它们是一个广泛的跨膜和细胞内蛋白质家族，参与多种细胞信号转导途径。鉴定作用于胰岛素作用级联反应各个组分的PTPase不仅将增强我们对胰岛素信号传导的理解，还将阐明PTPases在胰岛素抵抗疾病状态病理生理学中的潜在参与情况。本简要综述总结了胰岛素作用中可逆酪氨酸磷酸化事件以及肝脏和骨骼肌中可能参与胰岛素作用调节的候选PTPases的现有数据。
