Truyen U, Parrish C R
James A. Baker Institute for Animal Health, New York State College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca 14853.
J Virol. 1992 Sep;66(9):5399-408. doi: 10.1128/JVI.66.9.5399-5408.1992.
Canine parvovirus (CPV) emerged as an apparently new virus during the mid-1970s. The origin of CPV is unknown, but a variation from feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) or another closely related parvovirus is suspected. Here we examine the in vitro and in vivo canine and feline host ranges of CPV and FPV. Examination of three canine and six feline cell lines and mitogen-stimulated canine and feline peripheral blood lymphocytes revealed that CPV replicates in both canine and feline cells, whereas FPV replicates efficiently only in feline cells. The in vivo host ranges were unexpectedly complex and distinct from the in vitro host ranges. Inoculation of dogs with FPV revealed efficient replication in the thymus and, to some degree, in the bone marrow, as shown by virus isolation, viral DNA recovery, and Southern blotting and by strand-specific in situ hybridization. FPV replication could not be demonstrated in mesenteric lymph nodes or in the small intestine, which are important target tissues in CPV infection. Although CPV replicated well in all the feline cells tested in vitro, it did not replicate in any tissue of cats after intramuscular or intravenous inoculation. These results indicate that these viruses have complex and overlapping host ranges and that distinct tissue tropisms exist in the homologous and heterologous hosts.
犬细小病毒（CPV）在20世纪70年代中期作为一种明显的新病毒出现。CPV的起源尚不清楚，但怀疑它是猫泛白细胞减少症病毒（FPV）或另一种密切相关的细小病毒的变异体。在这里，我们研究了CPV和FPV在体外和体内的犬类和猫类宿主范围。对三种犬类和六种猫类细胞系以及丝裂原刺激的犬类和猫类外周血淋巴细胞的检测表明，CPV可在犬类和猫类细胞中复制，而FPV仅在猫类细胞中高效复制。体内宿主范围出乎意料地复杂，且与体外宿主范围不同。用FPV接种犬类后，病毒分离、病毒DNA回收、Southern印迹以及链特异性原位杂交结果表明，FPV在胸腺中高效复制，在一定程度上也在骨髓中复制。在肠系膜淋巴结或小肠中未检测到FPV复制，而这些组织是CPV感染的重要靶组织。尽管CPV在体外测试的所有猫类细胞中都能很好地复制，但肌肉注射或静脉注射后，它在猫的任何组织中都不复制。这些结果表明，这些病毒具有复杂且重叠的宿主范围，并且在同源和异源宿主中存在不同的组织嗜性。
