Wiersbitzky S, Wiersbitzky H, Bruns R, Ballke E H
Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald.
Kinderarztl Prax. 1992 Aug;60(6):159-62.
The human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) causes exanthema subitum ("e.s."). "E.s." is characterized by fever, exanthem (rash), in many cases gastroenteritis, occasionally cerebral convulsions (but more frequently general cerebral irritability) and enlargement of all lymph nodes; usually there are mild catarrhal respiratory symptoms of the upper airways (ARD). So-called "complications" of an ARD (pneumonia, acute purulent otitis media, acute sinusitis) due to bacterial infections are very unusual as sequelae of a HHV-6 infection. Here we report the case of 2 small children (toddlers) suffering from bronchopneumonia or pneumonia and acute sinusitis maxillaris associated with an acute HHV-6 infection. It seems that HHV-6 (like other respiratory tract viral pathogens) also can lead to secondary bacterial infections of the lower respiratory tract. So far it is not known, why such complications are so rare, although the extreme granulocytopenia accompanying "e.s." suggests a transient disturbance of the antibacterial defence mechanisms.
人类疱疹病毒6型（HHV-6）可引起幼儿急疹（“e.s.”）。幼儿急疹的特征为发热、皮疹，很多情况下伴有肠胃炎，偶尔会出现惊厥（但更常见的是一般性脑激惹）以及全身淋巴结肿大；通常还会有上呼吸道轻度卡他性呼吸道症状（急性呼吸道疾病）。由细菌感染引起的急性呼吸道疾病（肺炎、急性化脓性中耳炎、急性鼻窦炎）等所谓“并发症”作为HHV-6感染的后遗症非常少见。在此我们报告2例幼儿患有支气管肺炎或肺炎以及与急性HHV-6感染相关的急性上颌窦炎的病例。看来HHV-6（与其他呼吸道病毒病原体一样）也可导致下呼吸道继发性细菌感染。目前尚不清楚为何此类并发症如此罕见，尽管伴随幼儿急疹出现的极度粒细胞减少提示抗菌防御机制出现短暂紊乱。
