Yamashita T, Sakae K, Ishihara Y, Isomura S, Totsuka A, Moritsugu Y
Aichi Prefectural Institute of Public Health.
Kansenshogaku Zasshi. 1992 Jun;66(6):781-5. doi: 10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi1970.66.781.
We studied the transmission of hepatitis A virus (HAV) in 45 families, which members were diagnosed as hepatitis A in 8 hospitals in 1990. Feces and sera from 50 patients and their 126 family members were tested for HAV-specific antigen and IgM antibody by ELISA or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology. From the interval of the onset of hepatitis or detection of HAV antigen in feces, HAV transmission was recognized in 11 (24.4%) of 45 families. The transmission was found to be concerned with contacts of the children and that from children to parents was found in 4 families and the reverse in 2. HAV antigen was detected from feces of 4 family members before onset of icterus by ELISA and furthermore, 3 by PCR. It was indicated that these methods would be used to prevent the transmission in a family, day-care centers, or institutions for the mentally retarded.
我们研究了1990年在8家医院被诊断为甲型肝炎的45个家庭中甲型肝炎病毒（HAV）的传播情况。采用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）或聚合酶链反应（PCR）技术，对50例患者及其126名家庭成员的粪便和血清进行了HAV特异性抗原和IgM抗体检测。从肝炎发病间隔期或粪便中检测到HAV抗原开始，在45个家庭中有11个家庭（24.4%）发现了HAV传播。发现传播与儿童接触有关，4个家庭中发现了从儿童传播给父母的情况，2个家庭中发现了相反的情况。通过ELISA在4名家庭成员黄疸出现前的粪便中检测到了HAV抗原，此外，通过PCR在3名家庭成员粪便中检测到了HAV抗原。结果表明，这些方法可用于预防家庭、日托中心或智障机构中的传播。
