Relationship between role-play measures of coping skills and alcoholism treatment outcome.

Alcoholic clients were given role-play tests, involving various social and drinking-related scenarios, before and after two types of aftercare treatment. The assessments were used both to evaluate the effects of treatment and to determine whether any dimensions of pretreatment role-play performance interact with treatment type to predict treatment outcome. Eighty-nine patients were randomly assigned to aftercare group treatment involving either interactional therapy or coping skills training. Clients in both treatments experienced declines in their urge to drink during the role-play scenes from pre- to posttreatment, and these declines were related to reductions in heavy drinking. Three pretreatment role-play variables interacted with type of treatment to predict outcome: observer-rated skill, observer-rated anxiety, and self-reported urge to drink. In general, those patients who did better in the role plays had better drinking outcomes following interactional therapy. Those who experienced more difficulty in the role plays fared best with coping skills training. The results suggest that role-play measures could be used for patient-treatment matching, although it remains to be determined whether they will be superior to more easily assessed patient characteristics.