CHANOCK R M
J Exp Med. 1956 Oct 1;104(4):555-76. doi: 10.1084/jem.104.4.555.
Viruses producing an unusual "sponge-like" cytopathogenic change in monkey kidney tissue culture were isolated from the pharyngeal swabs of 2 of 12 infants with croup. The infants from whom the viruses were isolated and 3 additional patients developed significant increases in neutralizing or hemagglutination-inhibition and complement-fixing or all 3 varieties of antibody during convalescence. The isolated agents appeared to be similar antigenically. Fluid from infected monkey kidney tissue culture agglutinated chick erythrocytes and in lower titer human "O" red cells. Hemagglutination occurred best at 4 degrees C. and pH 8.0. Agglutination was reversed at 37 degrees C. but resuspension and sedimentation of red cells at 4 degrees C. resulted in a restitution of positive patterns. In addition, the virus was capable of partially removing receptors from the erythrocyte surface, but only when large quantities of virus were incubated with red cells for 24 hours at 37 degrees C. and small doses of hemagglutinin used to test the treated cells. RDE removed both the erythrocyte receptors and the inhibitor for hemagglutinin present in certain normal sera. Low level multiplication occurred at a slow rate in the amniotic cavity of the fertile hen' egg. Gradocol membrane filtration yielded a size of 90 to 135 mmicro. The virus was stable at -70 degrees C. but infectivity was lost after treatment with 20 per cent ether for 15 hours. The properties of the isolated viruses were consistent with those required for classification in the myxovirus group. No antigenic relationship with influenza A, A', B, and C, Newcastle or Sendai viruses was found. The viruses were distinct from mumps virus but the existence of a common antigen was suggested. The high incidence of infection with this new virus in one group of croup patients suggests that it may be at least one of the etiologic agents of this clinical syndrome, but more extensive control studies will be necessary to establish a specific etiologic association. For the present the group will be referred to as CA viruses; i.e., croup-associated viruses.
从12例患哮吼的婴儿中的2例咽拭子中分离出在猴肾组织培养中产生异常“海绵样”细胞病变的病毒。分离出病毒的婴儿及另外3例患者在恢复期中和或血凝抑制抗体以及补体结合抗体或所有这三种抗体均显著增加。分离出的病原体在抗原性上似乎相似。感染的猴肾组织培养液能凝集鸡红细胞，对人“O”型红细胞的凝集效价较低。血凝作用在4℃和pH 8.0时最佳。在37℃时凝集作用逆转，但4℃时红细胞的再悬浮和沉降导致阳性模式恢复。此外，该病毒能够部分去除红细胞表面的受体，但只有在大量病毒于37℃与红细胞孵育24小时且用小剂量血凝素检测处理过的细胞时才会如此。受体破坏酶（RDE）能去除红细胞受体以及某些正常血清中存在的血凝素抑制剂。在受精鸡蛋的羊膜腔内以缓慢速率发生低水平增殖。梯度膜过滤得到的大小为90至135微米。该病毒在-70℃稳定，但用20%乙醚处理15小时后感染力丧失。分离出的病毒特性与黏液病毒组分类所需的特性一致。未发现与甲型、甲型变异株、乙型和丙型流感病毒、新城疫病毒或仙台病毒有抗原关系。这些病毒与腮腺炎病毒不同，但提示存在共同抗原。在一组哮吼患者中这种新病毒的高感染率表明它可能至少是这种临床综合征的病因之一，但需要更广泛的对照研究来确立特定的病因关联。目前该病毒组将被称为CA病毒，即与哮吼相关的病毒。
