Klein T A, Lima J B, Toda Tang A
Department of Entomology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC 20307-5100.
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 1992;87 Suppl 3:393-7. doi: 10.1590/s0074-02761992000700066.
World ecosystems differ significantly and a multidisciplinary malaria control approach must be adjusted to meet these requirements. These include a comprehensive understanding of the malaria vectors, their behavior, seasonal distribution and abundance, susceptibility to insecticides (physiological and behavioral), methods to reduce the numbers of human gametocyte carriers through effective health care systems and antimalarial drug treatment, urban malaria transmission versus rural or forest malaria transmission, and the impact of vaccine development. Many malaria vectors are members of species complexes and individual relationships to malaria transmission, seasonal distribution, biting behavior, etc. is poorly understood. Additionally, malaria patients are not examined for circulating gametocytes and both falciparum and vivax malaria patients may be highly infective to mosquitoes after treatment with currently used antimalarial drugs. Studies on the physiological and behavioral effects of DDT and other insecticides are inconclusive and need to be evaluated.
世界生态系统差异显著，必须调整多学科疟疾控制方法以满足这些要求。这些要求包括全面了解疟蚊、它们的行为、季节分布和数量、对杀虫剂的易感性（生理和行为方面）、通过有效的医疗保健系统和抗疟药物治疗减少人类配子体携带者数量的方法、城市疟疾传播与农村或森林疟疾传播的对比，以及疫苗研发的影响。许多疟蚊是物种复合体的成员，它们与疟疾传播、季节分布、叮咬行为等的个体关系了解甚少。此外，不对疟疾患者进行循环配子体检查，而且使用目前的抗疟药物治疗后，恶性疟和间日疟患者对蚊子可能都具有高度传染性。关于滴滴涕和其他杀虫剂的生理和行为影响的研究尚无定论，需要进行评估。
