Kozioł R
Department of Human Ecology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw.
Stud Hum Ecol. 1992;10:221-32.
This paper is based on the examination of 2789 individuals of both sexes, aged 7-8, 10-11, 14-15, and 29-49 years, inhabiting the Suwałki region (S), Lublin Coal Basin (LCB), Bełchatów Industrial Center (BIC), Dabrowa Basin in Silesia region (DB) and the city of Lódź. Some respiratory-cardiovascular system and blood traits were analyzed (apnoea, minute lung volume, vital capacity, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit index, systolic blood pressure, and heart rate). It has been found that compensation of function within the respiratory and the cardiovascular system (an increase in some traits combined with a decrease in some others) is a characteristic way of adaptation to an agricultural environment with a harsh climate (the Suwałki region). In areas under industrialization (LCB and BIC) a functional compensation was observed for all the features under study. In DB, phenomenon of compensation was observed in children, and symptoms at the border of non-adaptation and overadaptation (most traits had average values, whereas respiratory and blood traits tended to be above average) were noted in adults. The inhabitants of Lódź were characterized by a high minute volume and long apnoea. Children were characterized by a compensation within the respiratory and the cardiovascular system, whereas in adults the response ranged from compensation within traits of one of the functional systems to the phenomenon at the border of non-adaptation and overadaptation.
本文基于对居住在苏瓦乌基地区（S）、卢布林煤盆地（LCB）、别乌哈托夫工业中心（BIC）、西里西亚地区的达布罗瓦盆地（DB）以及罗兹市的2789名7至8岁、10至11岁、14至15岁和29至49岁男女个体的检查。分析了一些呼吸 - 心血管系统和血液特征（呼吸暂停、每分钟肺通气量、肺活量、血红蛋白浓度、红细胞压积指数、收缩压和心率）。研究发现，呼吸和心血管系统内的功能代偿（某些特征增加而另一些特征减少）是适应气候恶劣的农业环境（苏瓦乌基地区）的一种典型适应方式。在工业化地区（LCB和BIC），观察到所研究的所有特征都存在功能代偿。在DB地区，儿童中观察到代偿现象，而成年人中则出现了非适应和过度适应边界的症状（大多数特征值为平均值，而呼吸和血液特征往往高于平均值）。罗兹市居民的特点是每分钟通气量高且呼吸暂停时间长。儿童的特点是呼吸和心血管系统内存在代偿，而成年人的反应范围从一个功能系统特征内的代偿到非适应和过度适应边界的现象。
