Weems J J
Department of Medical Education and Research, Greenville Hospital System, South Carolina 29605.
Clin Infect Dis. 1992 Mar;14(3):756-66. doi: 10.1093/clinids/14.3.756.
Early reports associated Candida parapsilosis with endocarditis in intravenous narcotic addicts. More recently, this species has emerged as an important nosocomial pathogen, with clinical manifestations including fungemia, endocarditis, endophthalmitis, septic arthritis, and peritonitis, all of which usually occur in association with invasive procedures or prosthetic devices. Outbreaks of C. parapsilosis infections have been caused by contamination of hyperalimentation solutions, intravascular pressure monitoring devices, and ophthalmic irrigating solution. Experimental studies have generally shown that C. parapsilosis is less virulent than Candida albicans or Candida tropicalis. However, characteristics of C. parapsilosis that may relate to its increasing occurrence in nosocomial settings include frequent colonization of the skin, particularly the subungual space, and an ability to proliferate in glucose-containing solutions, with a resultant increase in adherence to synthetic materials. Recently developed molecular techniques may facilitate the continued exploration of the epidemiology and pathogenesis of C. parapsilosis infections.
早期报告显示近平滑念珠菌与静脉注射麻醉品成瘾者的心内膜炎有关。最近，该菌种已成为一种重要的医院病原体，其临床表现包括真菌血症、心内膜炎、眼内炎、化脓性关节炎和腹膜炎，所有这些通常都与侵入性操作或假体装置有关。近平滑念珠菌感染的暴发是由高营养溶液、血管内压力监测装置和眼科冲洗液污染引起的。实验研究一般表明，近平滑念珠菌的毒力低于白色念珠菌或热带念珠菌。然而，近平滑念珠菌在医院环境中发生率增加可能与其相关的特征包括皮肤，特别是甲下间隙的频繁定植，以及在含葡萄糖溶液中增殖的能力，从而导致对合成材料的粘附增加。最近开发的分子技术可能有助于继续探索近平滑念珠菌感染的流行病学和发病机制。
