Kruse J A, Carlson R W
Division of Critical Care Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan.
Ann Emerg Med. 1992 Mar;21(3):331-6. doi: 10.1016/s0196-0644(05)80900-x.
The increased prevalence of rodents resistant to warfarin led to the development of the hydroxycoumarin anticoagulant brodifacoum. A 25-year-old man attempted suicide by consuming four boxes of d-CON Mouse-Prufe II; each box contains 42 g of bait that is 0.005% brodifacoum. He presented to a hospital nine days later with syncope, hematochezia, gross hematuria, epistaxis, anemia, and a severe coagulopathy. Radiographic studies were consistent with pleural, pericardial, and mediastinal hemorrhages. Vitamin K and fresh frozen plasma were given, and he was later discharged on oral phytonadione (vitamin K1). The patient's coagulopathy recurred, necessitating multiple plasma transfusions and prolonged treatment with oral phytonadione. Fifteen weeks after hospital discharge, he presented again with a history of additional brodifacoum ingestion. Neurologic status was initially normal, but in the emergency department he suddenly became comatose soon after emesis was induced with syrup of ipecac. Computed tomography of the brain revealed a subarachnoid hemorrhage that led to brain death less than 24 hours later. This case demonstrates the severe and prolonged coagulopathy that can result from ingestion of brodifacoum, a compound that has a toxic potency about 200-fold that of warfarin and a half-life as much as 60 times longer.
对华法林产生抗性的啮齿动物日益增多,促使羟基香豆素抗凝剂溴敌隆得以研发。一名25岁男子吞食了四盒d - CON灭鼠饵剂II企图自杀;每盒装有42克含0.005%溴敌隆的诱饵。九天后,他因晕厥、便血、肉眼血尿、鼻出血、贫血及严重凝血功能障碍被送往医院。影像学检查结果显示存在胸膜、心包和纵隔出血。给予了维生素K和新鲜冷冻血浆,随后他出院并口服植物甲萘醌(维生素K1)。患者的凝血功能障碍复发,需要多次输血并长期使用口服植物甲萘醌治疗。出院十五周后,他再次就诊,称又摄入了溴敌隆。其神经系统状况起初正常,但在急诊科,用吐根糖浆诱导呕吐后不久他突然昏迷。脑部计算机断层扫描显示蛛网膜下腔出血,不到24小时后导致脑死亡。该病例表明,摄入溴敌隆可导致严重且持久的凝血功能障碍,这种化合物的毒性效力约为华法林的200倍,半衰期长达华法林的60倍。