Bergqvist A
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Huddinge University Hospital, Sweden.
Eur J Surg. 1992 Jan;158(1):7-12.
Extragenital endometriosis is common and may be found in any tissue. The most pronounced symptoms are pain and local bleeding that usually (at least initially) are cyclical and more pronounced at the time of menstruation. The lesions often infiltrate neighbouring organs, and cause considerable fibrosis together with increasing symptoms. The patients have often had pain for many years, have been investigated at different clinics, and been given conflicting diagnoses, often of mental instability, before the correct diagnosis is finally made. The disease is difficult to diagnose clinically, and must be verified histologically. Often the endometriosis responds to treatment with hormones to inactivate the ovaries, but, sometimes the lesions are resistant, or respond too slowly, to drugs, and local excision is required. A gynaecologist should be called if the diagnosis is made at laparotomy or laparoscopy, to establish the extension of the endometriotic lesion and should be consulted about complementary investigations and hormonal treatment.
生殖器外子宫内膜异位症很常见，可出现在任何组织中。最明显的症状是疼痛和局部出血，通常（至少在最初）呈周期性，在月经期间更为明显。病变常浸润邻近器官，并随着症状加重导致大量纤维化。患者常常多年来一直疼痛，在不同诊所接受检查，在最终确诊之前，往往得到相互矛盾的诊断，常常被诊断为精神不稳定。该病临床诊断困难，必须通过组织学检查来证实。子宫内膜异位症通常对使用激素使卵巢失活的治疗有反应，但有时病变对药物耐药或反应过慢，需要进行局部切除。如果在剖腹手术或腹腔镜检查时作出诊断，应请妇科医生来确定子宫内膜异位病变的范围，并应就补充检查和激素治疗向其咨询。
