Laegreid L, Hagberg G, Lundberg A
Department of Pediatrics II, Gothenburg University, Sweden.
Neuropediatrics. 1992 Feb;23(1):18-23. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1071305.
The effect of the maternal use of benzodiazepines (BZD) on the fetus and the newborn infant has been studied in a representative series of 17 newborn infants (BZD group). The pregnancy and the perinatal period were characterized by 20 items. On the 2nd day of life, a neurologic investigation was performed and comprised a total of 38 items, subgrouped into items of reflexes/reactions, tonus, and other symptoms and signs. An optimum finding for each item was selected. The results were compared with a group of 21 newborns fetally exposed to psychotropic drugs other than BZD (drug group) and a reference group of 29 newborns with no known fetal exposure to drugs. Infants in the BZD group had a lower birth weight for birth length, as compared to both the drug group and the reference group. Significant differences in frequency of pre- and perinatal complications and in neuro-behavior between the BZD group and the reference group were found in all groups of items. We conclude that the use of BZD during pregnancy is associated with impaired intrauterine growth and an increased frequency of pre- and perinatal events. It affects the newborn infant neurologically mainly in the form of intoxication and withdrawal symptoms.
在一个由17名新生儿组成的代表性系列研究（苯二氮䓬类药物组）中，研究了母亲使用苯二氮䓬类药物（BZD）对胎儿及新生儿的影响。孕期和围产期通过20项指标进行表征。在出生后第2天，进行了一项神经学检查，该检查共有38项指标，分为反射/反应、肌张力及其他症状和体征等类别。为每个指标选定了最佳结果。将结果与一组21名胎儿在子宫内接触过除BZD之外的精神药物的新生儿（药物组）以及一组29名胎儿无已知药物接触史的新生儿（参照组）进行比较。与药物组和参照组相比，BZD组新生儿的出生体重与身长之比更低。在所有指标组中，均发现BZD组与参照组在产前和围产期并发症发生率以及神经行为方面存在显著差异。我们得出结论，孕期使用BZD与宫内生长受限以及产前和围产期事件发生率增加有关。它主要以中毒和戒断症状的形式对新生儿的神经系统产生影响。
