Barnett E D, Klein J O, Pelton S I, Luginbuhl L M
Department of Pediatrics, Boston University School of Medicine, MA.
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1992 May;11(5):360-4. doi: 10.1097/00006454-199205000-00004.
Acute otitis media (AOM) is thought to occur frequently in children infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We compared experience with AOM of 28 HIV-infected children with that of 33 children who seroreverted to HIV antibody negative status by age 18 months. The mean number of episodes/year of AOM for children who seroreverted decreased from 1.33 in the first year of life to 0.13 in the third year, whereas the mean number of episodes/year in HIV-infected children increased from 1.89 to 2.40. By age 3 years, all HIV-infected children had experienced 1 or more episodes of AOM, and 80% had experienced 6 or more, whereas 75% of children who seroreverted had experienced 1 or more episodes, and none had had 6 or more. HIV-infected children with normal T4 lymphocyte counts had a mean of 1.18 episodes of AOM in the first year of life compared with 2.35 episodes in HIV-infected children with decreased counts (P = 0.023). HIV-infected children with low counts had a nearly 3-fold increased risk of recurrent AOM (47% vs. 18%).
急性中耳炎（AOM）被认为在感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的儿童中频繁发生。我们将28名感染HIV的儿童与33名在18个月龄时血清学转为HIV抗体阴性的儿童的急性中耳炎患病经历进行了比较。血清学转阴儿童的AOM年均发作次数从生命的第一年的1.33次降至第三年的0.13次，而感染HIV儿童的年均发作次数则从1.89次增至2.40次。到3岁时，所有感染HIV的儿童都经历过1次或更多次AOM发作，80%的儿童经历过6次或更多次发作；而血清学转阴儿童中有75%经历过1次或更多次发作，且无人经历过6次或更多次发作。T4淋巴细胞计数正常的感染HIV儿童在生命的第一年AOM平均发作次数为1.18次，而T4淋巴细胞计数降低的感染HIV儿童为2.35次（P = 0.023）。T4淋巴细胞计数低的感染HIV儿童复发性AOM的风险增加近3倍（47%对18%）。
