Yüksel N, Güler C, Caglar Y, Elibol O
Department of Ophthalmology, Cumhuriyet University, School of Medicine, Sivas, Turkey.
Int Ophthalmol. 1992 Sep;16(4-5):337-42. doi: 10.1007/BF00917987.
We performed a prospective, randomized double blind study comparing the cardiovascular and intraocular pressure (IOP) effects of unilateral therapy with clonidine 0.125% and apraclonidine hydrochloride 1.0% in 15 normal and 15 ocular hypertensive volunteers. Baseline values were obtained prior to instillation. One drop of test medication (clonidine, apraclonidine or placebo) was instilled unilaterally, and the post-instillation measurements were taken at 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours. Apraclonidine 1% produced a maximum 31.4% +/- 6.9% (4.83 +/- 1.17 mmHg) decrease in mean IOP in ocular normotensive volunteers and 33.9% +/- 6.9% (10.10 +/- 2.45 mmHg) in ocular hypertensive patients (p < 0.001). These values were 22.1% +/- 6.9% (2.90 +/- 1.94 mmHg) and 22.7% +/- 6.9 (6.80 +/- 2.31 mmHg), respectively in clonidine group (p < 0.001). In apraclonidine group, there were no changes in contralateral IOP, blood pressure or pulse rate. Clonidine produced a significant decrease in contralateral IOP, but this reduction was not statistically significantly different than that of placebo. In clonidine group, there was no change in pulse rate, but a significant decrease in blood pressure. Eyelid retraction, conjunctival blanching and mydriasis were noted in eyes treated with apraclonidine. However there were no statistically and clinically significant changes in pupil size or interpalpebral fissure width with clonidine. This study suggests that apraclonidine appears to be safer and more effective ocular hypotensive agent than clonidine in treatment of glaucoma.
我们进行了一项前瞻性、随机双盲研究，比较了0.125%可乐定和1.0%盐酸阿可乐定单侧治疗对15名正常志愿者和15名高眼压志愿者心血管及眼压（IOP）的影响。在滴药前获取基线值。单侧滴入一滴试验药物（可乐定、阿可乐定或安慰剂），并在滴药后1、2、4、6和8小时进行测量。1%阿可乐定使眼压正常志愿者的平均IOP最大降低31.4%±6.9%（4.83±1.17 mmHg），高眼压患者降低33.9%±6.9%（10.10±2.45 mmHg）（p<0.001）。可乐定组的这些值分别为22.1%±6.9%（2.90±1.94 mmHg）和22.7%±6.9（6.80±2.31 mmHg）（p<0.001）。在阿可乐定组，对侧IOP、血压或脉搏率无变化。可乐定使对侧IOP显著降低，但这种降低与安慰剂相比无统计学显著差异。在可乐定组，脉搏率无变化，但血压显著降低。在用阿可乐定治疗的眼睛中观察到眼睑退缩、结膜苍白和瞳孔散大。然而，可乐定治疗后瞳孔大小或睑裂宽度在统计学和临床上均无显著变化。这项研究表明，在青光眼治疗中，阿可乐定似乎比可乐定是更安全、更有效的降眼压药物。
