Montplaisir J, Lapierre O, Warnes H, Pelletier G
Centre d'Etude du Sommeil, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur, Montréal, Québec.
Sleep. 1992 Oct;15(5):391-5.
There are presently three main treatments for restless leg syndrome-periodic leg movements in sleep (RLS-PLMS). The benzodiazepines (especially clonazepam) are considered by most clinicians to be the treatment of choice in mild cases, especially in young subjects. In our experience, however, L-dopa and bromocriptine are more effective treatments, although no controlled studies have ever been conducted to compare their therapeutic benefits and the side effects of benzodiazepines and dopaminergic drugs. The use of opioids should be restricted to patients who have severe symptoms and who fail to respond to benzodiazepines or L-dopa. Propoxyphene was found less effective than L-dopa in decreasing PLMS, but some patients resistant to L-dopa may exhibit a masked therapeutic response to opioids. However, there is currently no method to predict the response to any treatment modality.
目前，对于不宁腿综合征-睡眠期周期性腿部运动（RLS-PLMS）有三种主要治疗方法。大多数临床医生认为，苯二氮䓬类药物（尤其是氯硝西泮）是轻度病例的首选治疗药物，特别是在年轻患者中。然而，根据我们的经验，左旋多巴和溴隐亭是更有效的治疗方法，尽管尚未进行对照研究来比较它们的治疗效果以及苯二氮䓬类药物和多巴胺能药物的副作用。阿片类药物的使用应限于症状严重且对苯二氮䓬类药物或左旋多巴无反应的患者。在减少PLMS方面，发现丙氧芬不如左旋多巴有效，但一些对左旋多巴耐药的患者可能对阿片类药物有隐匿的治疗反应。然而，目前尚无方法预测对任何治疗方式的反应。
