TOKUYASU K, YAMADA E
J Biophys Biochem Cytol. 1959 Jan 25;5(1):123-8. doi: 10.1083/jcb.5.1.123.
The fine structure of Bacillus subtilis has been studied by observing sections fixed in KMnO(4), OsO(4), or a combination of both. The majority of examinations were made in samples fixed in 2.0 per cent KMnO(4) in tap water. Samples were embedded in butyl methacrylate for sectioning. In general, KMnO(4) fixation appeared to provide much better definition of the boundaries of various structures than did OsO(4). With either type of fixation, however, the surface structure of the cell appeared to consist of two components: cell wall and cytoplasmic membrane. Each of these, in turn, was observed to have a double aspect. The cell wall appeared to be composed of an outer part, broad and light, and an inner part, thin and dense. The cytoplasmic membrane appeared (at times, under KMnO(4) fixation) as two thin lines. In cells fixed first with OsO(4) solution, and then refixed with a mixture of KMnO(4) and OsO(4) solutions, the features revealed were more or less a mixture of those revealed by each fixation alone. A homogeneous, smooth structure, lacking a vacuole-like space, was identified as the nuclear structure in a form relatively free of artifacts. Two unidentified structures were observed in the cytoplasm when B. subtilis was fixed with KMnO(4). One a tortuous, fine filamentous element associated with a narrow light space, was often found near the ends of cells, or attached to one end of the pre-spore. The other showed a special inner structure somewhat similar to cristae mitochondriales.
通过观察用高锰酸钾（KMnO₄）、四氧化锇（OsO₄）或两者组合固定的切片，对枯草芽孢杆菌的精细结构进行了研究。大多数检查是在自来水中用2.0%的KMnO₄固定的样品中进行的。样品用甲基丙烯酸丁酯包埋以进行切片。一般来说，KMnO₄固定似乎比OsO₄固定能更好地界定各种结构的边界。然而，无论采用哪种固定方式，细胞的表面结构似乎都由两个部分组成：细胞壁和细胞质膜。反过来，观察到这两者都有双重特征。细胞壁似乎由一个宽阔且浅色的外部部分和一个薄而致密的内部部分组成。细胞质膜（有时在KMnO₄固定下）呈现为两条细线。在先用OsO₄溶液固定，然后再用KMnO₄和OsO₄溶液的混合物重新固定的细胞中，所揭示的特征或多或少是每种固定方式单独揭示的特征的混合。一种均匀、光滑且没有液泡样空间的结构被确定为相对无假象的核结构。当用KMnO₄固定枯草芽孢杆菌时，在细胞质中观察到两种未鉴定的结构。一种是与狭窄浅色空间相关的曲折、细丝状元件，常出现在细胞末端附近，或附着在芽孢前体的一端。另一种显示出一种特殊的内部结构，有点类似于线粒体嵴。
