Kinalska I, Zarzycki W, Zonenberg A, Rybaczuk M, Zimnicki P, Hołowaczyk H, Gosiewska A, Kulikowski M, Dzierzanowski E, Modzelewski A
Klinika Endokrynologii Akademii Medycznej w Białymstoku, Państwowy Szpital Kliniczny, Białystok, ul. Marii Skłodowskiej,Curie.
Endokrynol Pol. 1991;42(2):215-34.
The results of the investigations of radioactive contamination after the Chernobyl catastrophe and subsequent iodine prophylaxis on the thyroid gland function and morphology in Northeast Poland. The aim of the study was to determine whether kalium iodine in one dose during radioactive contamination in Poland limited the radioactive dose in the thyroid gland and if significant disadvantageous side-effects in the intrathyroid and extrathyroid occurred. Additionally during the studies we tried to determine if radioactive iodine contamination which occurred in the region of the Medical Academy in Białystok caused an increase in thyroid disease. It is interesting to note the different results obtained after radioactive contamination with the results from the investigations in this same territory in 1983-1985. In 1983-1985, before the Chernobyl catastrophe, 6,921 persons in Northeast Poland were investigated. In 1986-1988, immediately after the disaster 4,010 persons were investigated. The main study according to grant No MZ-XVII was carried out in three provinces: Białystok, Suwałki and Olsztyn. In this investigation 10,011 persons born before April 26, 1986 and after January 1, 1936 participated, 5,789 townspeople and 4,222 villagers, 3,987 children up to 16 years of age it the time of the disaster 1,973 boys and 2,009 girls; 6,024 adults 2,509 men and 3,516 women were drawn from a register. Committed doses to the thyroid in the investigated region were one of the highest in Poland and depended on age group and were depended on time of prophylaxis non proportional. Iodine prophylaxis was provided mainly with one dose of Lugol solution about 90%, 95% children and 30% adults took iodine. The majority of the population (53.3%-74%) were given iodine in April. From May 1st to 5th 23.0-43.4% received iodine, but after May 5th very few persons. Iodine was well tolerated, but Lugol Solution was better tolerated than other kinds of iodine. Only 241 (4.4%) cases had side effects, mainly vomiting (143), symptoms such as stomach ache, diarrhea, dyspnoe, skinrash etc. in lesser numbers. 12% (29 persons) were seen by a physician. In the investigated population were 200 pregnant women aged 19-40 years of which the majority (177) delivered full term healthy babies. Only 1 interrupted pregnancy and 7 had spontaneous abortion. Changes in the thyroid were noticed by 187 persons (2.3%-11.7%) most of which were enlargement of the thyroid, but only a few were confirmed by a physician. In the studied population from 1989 to 1990 over 30% of the population had struma.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
切尔诺贝利核灾难后放射性污染的调查结果以及随后在波兰东北部进行的碘预防措施对甲状腺功能和形态的影响。本研究的目的是确定在波兰放射性污染期间一次性服用碘化钾是否能限制甲状腺所接受的辐射剂量，以及甲状腺内和甲状腺外是否出现了显著的不良副作用。此外，在研究过程中，我们试图确定在比亚韦斯托克医学院所在地区发生的放射性碘污染是否导致甲状腺疾病增多。值得注意的是，此次放射性污染后所获得的结果与1983 - 1985年在同一地区进行调查时的结果有所不同。1983 - 1985年，即切尔诺贝利核灾难发生前，对波兰东北部的6921人进行了调查。1986 - 1988年，灾难发生后立即对4010人进行了调查。根据第MZ - XVII号拨款进行的主要研究在三个省份开展：比亚韦斯托克、苏瓦乌基和奥尔什丁。在此次调查中，有10011人参与，他们出生于1936年1月1日之后且在1986年4月26日之前，其中包括5789名城镇居民和4222名村民，在灾难发生时，有3987名16岁以下儿童，其中1973名男孩和2009名女孩；从登记册中抽取了6024名成年人，其中2509名男性和3516名女性。被调查地区甲状腺所接受的累积剂量在波兰是最高的之一，且取决于年龄组，与预防时间不成比例。碘预防主要采用一次性服用卢戈氏溶液，约90%的儿童、95%的儿童和30%的成年人服用了碘。大部分人口（53.3% - 74%）在4月份服用了碘。5月1日至5日，23.0% - 43.4%的人服用了碘，但5月5日之后服用的人很少。碘的耐受性良好，但卢戈氏溶液的耐受性比其他种类的碘更好。只有241例（4.4%）出现了副作用，主要是呕吐（143例），较少出现胃痛、腹泻、呼吸困难、皮疹等症状。12%（29人）去看了医生。在被调查人群中有200名年龄在19 - 40岁的孕妇，其中大多数（177名）足月产下健康婴儿。只有1例终止妊娠，7例自然流产。187人（2.3% - 11.7%）注意到甲状腺有变化，其中大多数是甲状腺肿大，但只有少数得到了医生的确认。在1989年至1990年的研究人群中，超过30%的人口患有甲状腺肿。（摘要截取自400字）
