Nauman J
Zakład Biochemii Centrum Medycznego Kształcenia Podyplomowego w Warszawie.
Endokrynol Pol. 1991;42(2):359-67.
(FROM COUNTRY-WIDE POPULATION STUDIES) 1. In some voivodships localized in south-east and north-east parts of Poland thyroids of young children would, without protective measures, accumulate more then 60 MsV of radioiodine, thus exceeding intervention level settled for the country. 2. Thyroid function of newborns exposed to radioiodine during neonatal life was normal and frequency of neonatal hypothyroidism similar to that seen in years before Czernobyl accident. 3. Potassium iodide administrated to newborns in some of them profuced transient rise of TSH (Wolff-Chaikoff phenomenon), thus suggesting, that ki dose settled for newborns could be to high. 4. Thyroid radioiodine dose accumulated in thyroids of older children, teenagers and adults was in majority of regions well below the dose of 50 MsV. 5. The frequency of non-toxic diffuse goiter, especially in traditional endemic goiter area was found to be high, but is also relatively high in others regions of Poland and seems to depend on iodine deficiency or relative iodine deficiency. 6. The frequency of other thyroid disorders is within the limit reported in countries with relative iodine deficiency. 7. More than 95% of children and teenagers took protective, single dose of potassium iodide (about 10 millions). 8. Approximately 27% of adults took protective dose of potassium iodide (about 7 millions). 9. Organization of protective action in 11 north-east and south-east voivodoships was good about 75% of all obtain ki solution within 24 hours. In the rest of the country where protective action was ordered april 30, in afternoon hrs only about 25% obtained ki the same day and the rest during next 48-72 hrs. 10. The fact that prior to the protective action limited number of children was given iodine alcohol solution permitted for external use speaks about the fear and panic observed in Poland in first days after Czernobyl accident. 11. Extrathyroidal side-effects after ki administration appeared in about 5% were usually light or moderate and in majority of cases disappearing without medical assistance. Vomiting was most commonly seen side-effect in young children, thus suggesting that either dose, or the chemical form of the drug for this group of age was unproper. 12. Intrathyroidal side-effects of single dose of ki was rare phenomenon seen mostly in newborns, very young children and some adults with history of thyroid disease in the past. 13. Its possible that even small dose of radioiodine accumulated in thyroid produce immunological response leading to the appearance of thyroid antibodies in blood serum.
（来自全国范围的人群研究）1. 在波兰东南部和东北部的一些省，如果没有保护措施，幼儿的甲状腺会累积超过60毫希伏的放射性碘，从而超过该国设定的干预水平。2. 在新生儿期接触放射性碘的新生儿甲状腺功能正常，新生儿甲状腺功能减退的发生率与切尔诺贝利事故前几年相似。3. 对一些新生儿给予碘化钾后，促甲状腺激素出现短暂升高（沃尔夫-柴科夫现象），这表明为新生儿设定的碘化钾剂量可能过高。4. 在大多数地区，大龄儿童、青少年和成年人甲状腺累积的放射性碘剂量远低于50毫希伏的剂量。5. 发现非毒性弥漫性甲状腺肿的发生率很高，尤其是在传统地方性甲状腺肿地区，但在波兰其他地区也相对较高，似乎取决于碘缺乏或相对碘缺乏。6. 其他甲状腺疾病的发生率在碘相对缺乏国家报告的范围内。7. 超过95%的儿童和青少年服用了单次保护性碘化钾剂量（约1000万）。8. 约27%的成年人服用了保护性碘化钾剂量（约700万）。9. 在11个东南部和东北部省份，约75%的人在24小时内获得了碘化钾溶液，保护行动组织良好。在4月30日下令采取保护行动的该国其他地区，当天下午只有约25%的人获得了碘化钾，其余的人在接下来的48 - 72小时内获得。10. 在保护行动之前，仅有少数儿童被给予允许外用的碘酒精溶液，这一事实表明在切尔诺贝利事故后的头几天波兰出现了恐惧和恐慌。11. 服用碘化钾后的甲状腺外副作用发生率约为5%，通常为轻度或中度，大多数情况下无需医疗援助即可消失。呕吐是幼儿中最常见的副作用，这表明该年龄组的剂量或药物化学形式不合适。12. 单次服用碘化钾的甲状腺内副作用是罕见现象，主要见于新生儿、非常年幼的儿童以及一些过去有甲状腺疾病史的成年人。13. 即使甲状腺中累积的少量放射性碘也可能产生免疫反应，导致血清中出现甲状腺抗体。
