MERCER E H, BRUNET P C
J Biophys Biochem Cytol. 1959 Mar 25;5(2):257-62. doi: 10.1083/jcb.5.2.257.
A study has been made of the cells of the left colleterial gland of the cockroach, Periplaneta americana (L.), using the electron microscope, and the results compared with previous histological and histochemical studies. The colleterial gland consists of an arborescent bunch of long tubules composed mainly of the cells which secrete the structural protein of the egg case ("type 4 cells"). Other types of cells: chitinogenic cells and "type 2 and 3 cells" each with a different cytology are described. The type 4 cells, which form the structural protein, reveal a cytological pattern very similar to that described for mammalian cells in a state of active protein synthesis. There is an elaborate development of particle-studded membranes in the cytoplasm. Smaller, rounded agranular vesicles also occur. The free secretory surface of the secreting cells forms the "end-apparatus" of the light microscopists. The invaginated surface is cast into numerous long narrow processes usually radially arranged and directed into a funnel-like formation derived from the thin intima lining the lumen of the gland (Text-fig. 2). The secretion in the form of small balls may be seen in the cavity of the end-apparatus and sometimes in the narrow processes. The small chitinogenic cells, lying between the protein-forming cells and the thin intima which they secrete, have a different cytology perhaps related to the fact that they form a polysaccharide rather than a protein. There is a very poor development of the particle-studded membranes of the type found in protein-forming cells. The type 2 cells, supposed to form an oxidase, have an end-apparatus that is similar to, but more complex than, those of the type 4 cells and their cytoplasm is almost completely filled with mitochondria. There is some evidence that mitochondria play a part in forming the oxidase and pass into the tubules of the end-apparatus. Type 3 cells resemble both types 2 and 4 and are probably a transient intermediate form.
利用电子显微镜对美洲大蠊（Periplaneta americana (L.)）左输卵管腺的细胞进行了研究，并将结果与先前的组织学和组织化学研究进行了比较。输卵管腺由一束树枝状的长小管组成，主要由分泌卵鞘结构蛋白的细胞（“4型细胞”）构成。还描述了其他类型的细胞：几丁质生成细胞以及“2型和3型细胞”，它们各自具有不同的细胞学特征。形成结构蛋白的4型细胞，其细胞学模式与处于活跃蛋白质合成状态的哺乳动物细胞非常相似。细胞质中有大量布满颗粒的膜的精细发育。也存在较小的圆形无颗粒小泡。分泌细胞的游离分泌表面形成了光学显微镜学家所说的“终末装置”。内陷表面形成许多通常呈放射状排列并指向由腺腔内膜衬里衍生而来像漏斗状结构的长而窄的突起（图2）。终末装置的腔内可见小球状分泌物，有时在狭窄的突起中也可见。小的几丁质生成细胞位于形成蛋白质的细胞和它们所分泌的薄内膜之间，具有不同的细胞学特征，这可能与它们形成多糖而非蛋白质这一事实有关。在形成蛋白质的细胞中发现的那种布满颗粒的膜发育很差。2型细胞被认为形成一种氧化酶，其终末装置与4型细胞的相似，但更复杂，其细胞质几乎完全充满线粒体。有证据表明线粒体在形成氧化酶中起作用，并进入终末装置的小管。3型细胞既类似于2型细胞也类似于4型细胞，可能是一种过渡的中间形式。
