KING D W, SOCOLOW E L, BENSCH K G
J Biophys Biochem Cytol. 1959 May 25;5(3):421-31. doi: 10.1083/jcb.5.3.421.
It has long been known that fat accumulates in old injured cells both in tissue culture and in many mammalian disease states. The use of L cells grown in suspension tissue culture permitted the opportunity to study conditions in which lipide accumulation could be retarded or accelerated. These cultures exhibit a three-phase growth curve which is similar to that previously found with bacteria and consists of a lag period, logarithmic growth period, and stationary period. Daily aliquots were removed from cultures going through these phases and protein and cholesterol content correlated with cell division. It was found that L cells gradually accumulated lipide in the cell concurrent with retardation of cell division and protein synthesis. Conversely old lipide-laden cells, placed in fresh media and encouraged to active division with net protein synthesis progressed from a high to a low lipide/cell ratio over a period of 2 to 4 days. An amino acid analogue p-fluorophenylalanine and a mitotic inhibitor, colchicine, also markedly increased the lipide/cell ratio. Similar results were found in in vitro experiments with Ehrlich ascites cells.
长期以来人们都知道,在组织培养以及许多哺乳动物疾病状态下,脂肪会在衰老受损细胞中蓄积。利用悬浮组织培养中生长的L细胞,有机会研究脂质蓄积可被延缓或加速的条件。这些培养物呈现出三相生长曲线,这与先前在细菌中发现的生长曲线相似,由延迟期、对数生长期和稳定期组成。每天从经历这些阶段的培养物中取出等分试样,并将蛋白质和胆固醇含量与细胞分裂相关联。结果发现,L细胞在细胞内逐渐蓄积脂质,同时细胞分裂和蛋白质合成受到抑制。相反,将负载脂质的衰老细胞置于新鲜培养基中,并通过净蛋白质合成促进其活跃分裂,在2至4天的时间内,脂质/细胞比值从高到低。一种氨基酸类似物对氟苯丙氨酸和一种有丝分裂抑制剂秋水仙碱,也显著增加了脂质/细胞比值。在对艾氏腹水细胞的体外实验中也发现了类似结果。