AUSTEN K F, BROCKLEHURST W E
J Exp Med. 1961 Jul 1;114(1):29-42. doi: 10.1084/jem.114.1.29.
The anaphylactic release of histamine from perfused, chopped guinea pig lung is very sensitive to changes in the NaCl concentration of the containing medium, and it is ionic strength rather than particle concentration which is critical. Consequently, in studies with inhibitors care must be taken to avoid inadvertently increasing ionic strength and thereby misinterpreting the cause of the inhibition. Since immune hemolysis exhibits a similar sensitivity to changes in the NaCl concentration of the suspending medium, salicylaldoxime and phlorizin, which prevent the participation of the third component of complement in immune hemolysis, were investigated for their effect on the anaphylactic reaction. Salicylaldoxime is a potent inhibitor of in vitro anaphylaxis in guinea pig lung, but phlorizin is only a weak inhibitor. Potassium cyanide, 1 mM, inhibits the anaphylactic release of histamine most effectively if the duration of contact between the tissue and the cyanide prior to antigen addition is minimal; preincubation of the tissue with cyanide prior to antigen addition results in progressive diminution of inhibition even when there is only minimal loss of cyanide from the containing medium. The anaphylactic release of histamine from perfused whole lungs or suspensions of blood-free chopped lung is not prevented by the cytochrome oxidase inhibitor, carbon monoxide. In addition, 2-heptyl 4 hydroxyquinoline N oxide and malonic acid, which inhibit aerobic metabolism at different sites, do not prevent the reaction. These studies and those with cyanide indicate that the anaphylactic release of histamine in guinea pig lung is not dependent on cytochrome-mediated aerobic metabolism.
从灌注的豚鼠肺切碎组织中组胺的过敏反应性释放对含培养基中氯化钠浓度的变化非常敏感，关键的是离子强度而非颗粒浓度。因此，在使用抑制剂的研究中，必须注意避免无意中增加离子强度，从而错误地解释抑制原因。由于免疫溶血对悬浮介质中氯化钠浓度的变化表现出类似的敏感性，因此研究了阻止补体第三成分参与免疫溶血的水杨醛肟和根皮苷对过敏反应的影响。水杨醛肟是豚鼠肺体外过敏反应的有效抑制剂，但根皮苷只是一种弱抑制剂。如果在添加抗原之前组织与氰化物的接触时间最短，1 mM的氰化钾最有效地抑制组胺的过敏反应性释放；在添加抗原之前用氰化物预孵育组织，即使含培养基中只有极少的氰化物损失，也会导致抑制作用逐渐减弱。细胞色素氧化酶抑制剂一氧化碳不能阻止灌注的全肺或无血切碎肺悬液中组胺的过敏反应性释放。此外，在不同位点抑制有氧代谢的2-庚基-4-羟基喹啉N-氧化物和丙二酸也不能阻止该反应。这些研究以及与氰化物相关的研究表明，豚鼠肺中组胺的过敏反应性释放不依赖于细胞色素介导的有氧代谢。
