Kelly K L, Cooper E L, Raftos D A
Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles 90024.
J Exp Zool. 1992 May 1;262(2):202-8. doi: 10.1002/jez.1402620210.
Hemocytes from the solitary urochordate Styela clava can effect allogeneic cytotoxicity in vitro. Spectrophotometric and microscopic quantification of eosin-y dye exclusion revealed significantly greater frequencies of cell death in allogeneic hemocyte cultures when compared to autogeneic controls. This cytotoxic response was characterized by 1) transient activity such that specific cytotoxicity could be detected for only 4 hours of culture though continued specific killing may have been obscured by spontaneous cell death; 2) a necessity for cellular interaction demonstrated by the elimination of allogeneic cytotoxicity in the absence of cell contact; 3) killing of multiple targets by effector cells due to high levels of response at low allogeneic ratios; 4) insensitivity to altered temperature; 5) increased cytotoxicity in the absence of autologous plasma; 6) an absence of xenogeneic reactivity; 7) the presence of three hierarchical levels (low, intermediate, and high) of response. These data reflect events involved in the recognition of allogeneic cellular determinants resulting in specific cytotoxicity effected by immunocompetent cells. Such in vitro recognition and cytotoxic recognition and cytotoxic reactivity may be responsible for adaptive reactions caused by histoincompatibility in solitary tunicates.
来自单体尾索动物柄海鞘的血细胞可在体外产生同种异体细胞毒性。通过分光光度法和显微镜对伊红 - y染料排斥进行定量分析发现，与自体对照相比，同种异体血细胞培养物中细胞死亡的频率显著更高。这种细胞毒性反应的特点如下：1）具有短暂活性，即仅在培养4小时时可检测到特异性细胞毒性，不过持续的特异性杀伤可能因自发细胞死亡而被掩盖；2）细胞相互作用是必需的，在无细胞接触时同种异体细胞毒性消失可证明这一点；3）效应细胞在低同种异体比例下因高水平反应可杀伤多个靶标；4）对温度变化不敏感；5）在无自体血浆时细胞毒性增强；6）不存在异种反应性；7）存在三个层次水平（低、中、高）的反应。这些数据反映了参与同种异体细胞决定簇识别的事件，从而导致免疫活性细胞产生特异性细胞毒性。这种体外识别以及细胞毒性识别和反应性可能是单体被囊动物中组织不相容性引起的适应性反应的原因。
