Fan P C, Chung W C, Kuo C L, Lin C Y, Hsu H M, Chuang C H, Chow C Y
Department of Parasitology, National Yangming Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
Gaoxiong Yi Xue Ke Xue Za Zhi. 1992 May;8(5):255-65.
To evaluate the efficacy and to determine the minimum effective dosage of four pediculicides against head louse infestation, as well as to select a safe, effective, practical, and cheap agent, 1,657 infested school children in 25 primary schools in Szu-Hu, Kou-Hu, and Ku-Keng Districts of Yunlin County were treated and 1,611 of them were examined. The overall cure rate was 73% and the rate for boys (84%) was higher than that for girls (71%). The cure rate of Nix (permethrin 1%) cream rinse was 81%. The cure rate for single dosages of 1, 2, 3 and 4 cases/tube (56 gm/tube) was 87%, 83%, 81% and 71%, respectively. The cure rate of Para aerosol (bioallethrine 0.66%) was 78%. The cure rate for single dosages of 30 and 40 cases/tube (90 gm/tube) was 87% and 70%, respectively. The cure rate of Prioderm (malathion 1%) cream shampoo was 64%. The cure rate for single dosages of 10, 15 and 20 cases/tube (40 gm/tube) was 74%, 71% and 52%, respectively. The cure rate of Delice (1% gamma benzene hexachloride) was 71%. The cure rate for single dosages of 5 and 10 ml/case was 64% and 76%, respectively. Of the 226 infested girls, 181 (80%) were found to be infested with 1-10 head lice, 33 (15%) with 11-50 lice, 7(3%) with 51-100 lice and 5 (2%) with over 100 lice. Of the 2,160 head lice collected, 1,788 (83%) were nymphs, 284 (13%) females, and 88 (4%) males. The mean number of head lice in each infested girl was 10 (range 1-137). The low cure rates obtained in the present study may be due to the fact that many school girl & have long hair. In comparison, Nix had the highest cure rate (81%) but the highest price (NT$ 120/case). The cure rate and price of Para aerosol (78%, NT$ 7.2/case) and Delice (71%, NT$ 16.7/case) came next. Prioderm (64%, NT$ 10.0/case) had the lowest rate and a slight offensive smell. Preliminary trials show that based on the cost-effectiveness, Para aerosol is best in head louse infestation control.
为评估四种灭虱剂治疗头虱感染的疗效并确定其最低有效剂量，同时选择一种安全、有效、实用且廉价的药物，对云林县四湖、口湖和古坑地区25所小学的1657名头虱感染学童进行了治疗，并对其中1611名进行了检查。总体治愈率为73%，男孩的治愈率（84%）高于女孩（71%）。Nix（1%氯菊酯）乳膏剂的治愈率为81%。每管（56克/管）1、2、3和4例用量的单剂量治愈率分别为87%、83%、81%和71%。Para气雾剂（0.66%生物丙烯菊酯）的治愈率为78%。每管（90克/管）3例和4例用量的单剂量治愈率分别为87%和70%。Prioderm（1%马拉硫磷）乳膏洗发水的治愈率为64%。每管（40克/管）10、15和20例用量的单剂量治愈率分别为74%、71%和52%。Delice（1%γ-六六六）的治愈率为71%。每例5毫升和10毫升用量的单剂量治愈率分别为64%和76%。在226名头虱感染女孩中，发现181名（80%）感染1至10只头虱，33名（15%）感染11至50只头虱，7名（3%）感染51至100只头虱，5名（2%）感染超过100只头虱。在所收集的2160只头虱中，1788只（83%）为若虫，284只（13%）为雌虱，88只（4%）为雄虱。每名感染女孩头虱的平均数量为10只（范围为1至137只）。本研究中获得的低治愈率可能是由于许多女生头发较长。相比之下，Nix的治愈率最高（81%）但价格最高（新台币120元/例）。Para气雾剂（78%，新台币7.2元/例）和Delice（71%）的治愈率和价格次之。Prioderm（64%，新台币10.0元/例）的治愈率最低且有轻微异味。初步试验表明，基于成本效益，Para气雾剂在控制头虱感染方面最佳。
