GRIMSTONE A V
J Biophys Biochem Cytol. 1959 Dec;6(3):369-78. doi: 10.1083/jcb.6.3.369.
The structure of the nuclear and cytoplasmic membranes of Trichonympha, a complex flagellate, has been studied in the electron microscope. The nuclear membrane consists of two 70 A membranes, penetrated by numerous pores. Small (100 A) granules occur on the outer surface, around the rims of the pores. Granule-bearing membranes, only 30 to 40 A thick, form long, ribbon-shaped sacs, with 100 A granules on their outer surface. They apparently form close to the nucleus, from which they probably derive their granules. Smooth membranes occur in the parabasal bodies, which consist of stacks of 70 A membranes, joined at their edges in pairs to form flattened sacs. These can inflate and form cytoplasmic vesicles. A protein fibre is applied laterally to the pile of sacs. New sacs, replacing those lost by inflation, appear to form by a process involving the granular membranes, and there may be a transformation of one into the other. Starving eliminates granular membranes and results in a failure in the formation of new parabasal sacs. Refeeding reverses these effects. A parabasal body is a steady-state system, in which the rates of loss and gain of sacs are normally approximately equal. Parabasal bodies resemble the Golgi apparatus.
已在电子显微镜下研究了一种复杂鞭毛虫——披发虫的细胞核膜和细胞质膜的结构。核膜由两层70埃的膜组成，有许多孔贯穿其中。在孔的边缘周围，外表面有小的（100埃）颗粒。带有颗粒的膜仅30至40埃厚，形成长的带状囊泡，其外表面有100埃的颗粒。它们显然在细胞核附近形成，颗粒可能源自细胞核。平滑膜出现在副基体中，副基体由堆叠的70埃膜组成，在边缘成对连接形成扁平囊泡。这些囊泡可以膨胀并形成细胞质小泡。一条蛋白质纤维横向附着在囊泡堆上。新的囊泡取代因膨胀而丢失的囊泡，似乎是通过一个涉及颗粒膜的过程形成的，并且可能存在一种囊泡向另一种囊泡的转变。饥饿会消除颗粒膜，并导致新的副基囊泡形成失败。重新喂食可逆转这些影响。副基体是一个稳态系统，其中囊泡的丢失和增加速率通常大致相等。副基体类似于高尔基体。
