Eckman T A, Wirshing W C, Marder S R, Liberman R P, Johnston-Cronk K, Zimmermann K, Mintz J
Clinical Research Center for Schizophrenia and Psychiatric Rehabilitation, University of California, School of Medicine, Los Angeles.
Am J Psychiatry. 1992 Nov;149(11):1549-55. doi: 10.1176/ajp.149.11.1549.
To determine whether schizophrenic outpatients receiving low-dose neuroleptic therapy could learn and retain complex information and skills related to self-management of their illness, a novel technique of teaching, using cognitive and behavioral methods, was designed to compensate for the patients' learning disabilities.
The subjects were 41 patients with DSM-III-R schizophrenia who were receiving constant maintenance neuroleptic drug therapy. They were randomly assigned to structured, modularized skills training or to supportive group psychotherapy.
The patients who received skills training made significant gains in each of the areas taught, while those participating in group therapy did not. The skills learned during training were retained without significant erosion over a 1-year follow-up period.
The effectiveness of modularized teaching of illness self-management skills to schizophrenic patients appears to be largely independent of baseline psychology and symptom improvement. Such an approach is useful for overcoming or compensating for the enduring cognitive and information processing deficits commonly found in schizophrenia.
为了确定接受低剂量抗精神病药物治疗的精神分裂症门诊患者是否能够学习并记住与疾病自我管理相关的复杂信息和技能，设计了一种采用认知和行为方法的新型教学技术，以弥补患者的学习障碍。
研究对象为41例符合DSM-III-R精神分裂症诊断标准且正在接受持续维持性抗精神病药物治疗的患者。他们被随机分配到结构化、模块化技能训练组或支持性团体心理治疗组。
接受技能训练的患者在所学的各个领域都取得了显著进步，而参加团体治疗的患者则没有。训练期间所学的技能在1年的随访期内得以保持，没有明显消退。
对精神分裂症患者进行疾病自我管理技能的模块化教学的有效性似乎在很大程度上独立于基线心理状态和症状改善情况。这种方法有助于克服或弥补精神分裂症患者常见的持久认知和信息处理缺陷。
