Kuratani S C, Kirby M L
Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta 30912-2000.
Anat Rec. 1992 Oct;234(2):263-80. doi: 10.1002/ar.1092340213.
The cardiac neural crest is located in a transitional area on the neuraxis between trunk and cephalic regions and gives rise to both the dorsolateral and ventrolateral crest cell populations. Around stage 18 of chick development, a mass of E/C8+ cells surrounds the postotic pharyngeal arches and forms a crescent-shaped arch, termed the circumpharyngeal ridge. Using immunohistochemistry and quail-chick chimeras, it was determined that the E/C8+ cell mass located in the circumpharyngeal ridge derives from the dorsolateral component of the cardiac neural crest. The ventrolateral cell population of the cardiac crest is located more medially and shows long-persistent HNK-1 immunoreactivity dorsolateral to the foregut. The crest cells that populate the gut arise from the caudal portion of the circumpharyngeal crest and are always located caudal to the caudal-most pharyngeal ectomesenchyme. Circumpharyngeal crest cells continuously populate the pharyngeal arch ectomesenchyme and enteric nervous system on the lateral side of the foregut wall, as well as the hypoglossal pathway which develops within the ventral portion of the circumpharyngeal ridge. E/C8 and HNK-1 immunoreactivity are associated with the cells migrating via the dorsolateral (circumpharyngeal) and ventrolateral pathways, respectively, with one exception: there is a population of putative crest cells along the proximal course of the vagal intestinal branch that shows both immunoreactivities around stage 20. DiI labeling of the cells in the circumpharyngeal ridge suggests that the cells are contributed from the circumpharyngeal ridge to this population. Thus, the distribution of the circumpharyngeal crest cells and their derivatives coincides with the peripheral branch distribution of the cranial nerves IX, X, and XII, whose development is selectively affected in the absence of the cardiac neural crest, the source of the circumpharyngeal crest.
心脏神经嵴位于躯干和头部区域之间神经轴上的一个过渡区域，产生背外侧和腹外侧嵴细胞群。在鸡胚发育的第18阶段左右，一团E/C8+细胞围绕耳后咽弓，形成一个新月形的弓，称为咽周嵴。通过免疫组织化学和鹌鹑-鸡嵌合体实验，确定位于咽周嵴的E/C8+细胞团源自心脏神经嵴的背外侧成分。心脏嵴的腹外侧细胞群位于更内侧，在前肠背外侧显示长期持续的HNK-1免疫反应性。填充肠道的嵴细胞源自咽周嵴的尾部，且总是位于最尾端咽外胚层间充质的尾侧。咽周嵴细胞持续填充咽弓外胚层间充质以及前肠壁外侧的肠神经系统，还有在咽周嵴腹侧部分发育的舌下神经通路。E/C8和HNK-1免疫反应性分别与通过背外侧（咽周）和腹外侧途径迁移的细胞相关，但有一个例外：在迷走肠支近端行程中有一群假定的嵴细胞，在第20阶段左右显示出两种免疫反应性。对咽周嵴中的细胞进行DiI标记表明，这些细胞是由咽周嵴贡献给这个细胞群的。因此，咽周嵴细胞及其衍生物的分布与第九、第十和第十二对脑神经的外周分支分布一致，在没有心脏神经嵴（咽周嵴的来源）的情况下，它们的发育会受到选择性影响。
