Acne from an immunological perspective.

Patients with acne vulgaris, particularly those with severe inflammatory forms of the disease, are known to have high titers of serum antibodies, and intensified immediate hypersensitivity reactions to P. acnes antigens. The significance of this fact has not been clarified, but it is possible that antigen-antibody reactions involving P. acnes in the perifollicular dermis could intensify the inflammatory response in certain forms of acne. Further studies utilizing newer, more sophisticated techniques are needed to identify the role of P. acnes antigens in affecting such fundamental phenomena as chemotaxis, cell-mediated immunity, activation of the complement cascade and reticuloendothelial system stimulation. Answers to these basic questions have the pathogenesis of that common but even more complex disease, acne.