Baltes M M, Wahl H W
Department of Gerontopsychiatry, Free University of Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany.
Psychol Aging. 1992 Sep;7(3):409-18. doi: 10.1037//0882-7974.7.3.409.
This study tested the generalizability of the dependency-support script, a behavioral system describing and explaining dependent behaviors of the institutionalized elderly. A comparative study with 22 community-dwelling elderly was conducted, which identified typical interaction patterns between the elderly and family members or home health nurses. The dominant interaction pattern in the community setting, too, was the dependency-support script. In addition, however, a significant social response to independent self-care behavior was observed, which created a highly ambivalent response contingency. Independent behaviors were followed about twice as often by an incongruent (dependence-supportive) than by a congruent (independence-supportive) response. Expectations of incompetence and of the helping role are offered as explanations.
本研究检验了依赖支持脚本的普遍性，该脚本是一种描述和解释机构养老老年人依赖行为的行为系统。对22名居家养老老年人进行了一项比较研究，确定了老年人与家庭成员或家庭健康护士之间的典型互动模式。在社区环境中，占主导地位的互动模式也是依赖支持脚本。然而，此外还观察到对独立自我护理行为的显著社会反应，这产生了一种高度矛盾的反应偶然性。与一致性（支持独立）反应相比，不一致性（支持依赖）反应跟随独立行为的频率约为前者的两倍。研究给出了对无能力和帮助角色的期望作为解释。
